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  3. By the end of this century, the average world temperature is expected to increase between one and four degrees, with widespread

By the end of this century, the average world temperature is expected to increase between one and four degrees, with widespread

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问题     By the end of this century, the average world temperature is expected to increase between one and four degrees, with widespread effects on rainfall, sea levels and animal habitats. But in the Arctic, where the effects of climate change are most intense, the rise in temperature could be twice as much.
    Understanding how Arctic warming will affect the people, animals, plants and marine life and economic activity in Canada’s North is important to the country’s future, says Kent Moore, and atmospheric physicist at University of Toronto Mississauga who is participating in a long-term, international study of the marine ecosystem along the Beaufort Sea, from Alaska to the Mackenzie delta.
    The study will add to our knowledge of everything from the extent of sea ice in the region to how fish stocks will change, to which areas could become targets for oil and gas exploration, to the impact on the indigenous people who call this part of the country home.
    Moore, who has worked in the Arctic for more than 20 years, says his research has already found that thinning sea ice and changes in wind patterns are causing an important change in the marine food chain: phytoplankton (浮游植物) is blooming two to three weeks earlier. Many animals time their annual migration to the Arctic for when food is plentiful, and have not adapted to the earlier bloom. "Animal behavior can evolve over a long time, but these climate changes are happening in the space of a few decades, rather than hundreds of years," says Moore. "Animals can’t change their behavior that quickly."
    A warmer Arctic is expected to have important effects on human activity in the region, as the Northwest Passage becomes navigable during the summer and resource extraction becomes more feasible. Information gained from the study will help government, industry and communities make decisions about resource management, economic development and environmental protection. Moore says the study—which involves Canadian, American and European researchers and government agencies — will also use a novel technology to gather atmospheric data: remotely piloted drones. "The drones have the capability of a large research aircraft, and they’re easier to deploy," he says, showing the researchers to gather information on a more regular basis than they would be able to with piloted aircraft.
By the end of this century, according to the author, global warming will________.
选项 A、start to bring about extreme weather events to humans and animals
B、increase the average world temperature by four degrees
C、cause more damages to the whole world than expected
D、affect the Arctic more than any other parts of the earth
答案D
解析 细节题。从第一段的最后一句“But in the Arctic，where the effects of climate change are most intense．the rise in temperature could be twice as much．”可知，全球变暖对北极的影响是most intense (最集中的)，温度上升是其他地区的两倍。因此本题正确答案为D。
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