2. 外语
  3. “十三五”期间，中国坚定不移走生态优先，绿色发展之路，全力以赴建设人与自然和谐共生的现代化。 第一，建制度，立规章，依靠法治护航绿色发展。近年来，从生态环境损害赔偿到生态环境保护督察，从修订大气污染防治法到民法典，都充分体现绿色发展理念，并出台了6

“十三五”期间，中国坚定不移走生态优先，绿色发展之路，全力以赴建设人与自然和谐共生的现代化。 第一，建制度，立规章，依靠法治护航绿色发展。近年来，从生态环境损害赔偿到生态环境保护督察，从修订大气污染防治法到民法典，都充分体现绿色发展理念，并出台了6

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问题     “十三五”期间，中国坚定不移走生态优先，绿色发展之路，全力以赴建设人与自然和谐共生的现代化。
    第一，建制度，立规章，依靠法治护航绿色发展。近年来，从生态环境损害赔偿到生态环境保护督察，从修订大气污染防治法到民法典，都充分体现绿色发展理念，并出台了60多项相关配套制度，构建起完善的生态环境法律框架，为绿色发展提供有力支撑。
    第二，治污染，调结构，坚决打好污染防治攻坚战。5年来，我国向污染宣战，实施大气、水、土壤污染防治三大攻坚战。不断创新污染防治方式，不断拓展防治领域，加大防治力度。2019年，全国重点城市PM2. 5和二氧化硫平均浓度分别比2013年下降43％和73％，重污染天数下降81％。蓝天越来越多，水质越来越好，生态环境越来越美。
    第三，划红线，筑牢生态屏障，夯实高质量发展的绿色基础。近年来，各地纷纷发布生态环境管控方案。
    如今，25％的陆地国土面积已被划入生态保护红线，并建立了1. 18万处自然保护区，占陆地国土面积的18％。随着这些政策和措施的落实，经济社会发展和生态环境保护逐步走向双赢。
选项
答案 During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, China unswervingly followed the path of prioritizing ecological conservation and green development, sparing no efforts to promote the modernization that ensures the harmonious coexistence between human and nature. Firstly, we have set up systems and regulations to safeguard green development by the rule of law. In recent years, we have taken actions from the enaction of ecological and environmental damage compensation, the supervision of ecological conservation and environmental protection, the revision of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution to the formulation of the Civil Code; all of them fully embodies the philosophy of green development. Besides, more than 60 supporting institutions have been rolled out to construct a sound framework for ecological conservation laws to support green development. Secondly, we have fought effectively in the critical battle against pollution through addressing pollution and readjusting industrial structure. Over the past five years, China declared a war against pollution and fought effectively in the critical battles against air, water and soil pollution. We have been continuously innovating methods, expanding coverage and intensifying efforts in terms of preventing and addressing pollution. In 2019, the average concentrations of PM2.5 and sulfur dioxide in key cities of China were 43% and 73% lower than that of 2013 respectively, while the number of days with heavy pollution decreased by 81%. We can see blue sky more frequently, while the water quality and the whole eco-environment are ever-improving. Thirdly, we draw red lines to reinforce the ecological barriers and consolidate the basis for high-quality green development. Over the past few years, local governments introduced their plans for eco-environment management and control. So far, 25% of the land area has been brought under the red lines for ecological protection and about 11.8 thousand nature reserves have been established, constituting 18% of China’s land area. With these policies and measures implemented, we will gradually achieve win-win results in both economic and social development and environmental protection.
解析 1.“生态优先”一词中“生态”具体指的是“生态保护”，对应译为ecological conservation。
2.“建制度，立规章”两个结构可共用一个动词，合并为“建立规章制度”，对应地可译为set up systems and regulations。
3.“宣战”在于突出决心之大，采用直译的方式并不会产生误解，且能够保留原文的形式和精神内核。因此，“宣战”可直译为declare a war against。
4.“各地”具体指发布宏观调控方案的职能部门，一般为“当地政府”，因此可译为local governments，复数表示不止一个地方。
5.“建制度，立规章”的目的是“护航绿色发展”，“依靠法治”是“护航”的方式，所以译为we have set up systems and regulations to safeguard green development by the rule of law。
6.“治污染，调结构”是“坚决打好污染防治攻坚战”的具体实现方式，可加以调整为方式状语，译为through addressing pollution and readjusting industrial structure。
7.“蓝天越来越多”不宜直译为more blue skies，应结合前一句的“重污染天数下降81％”进行理解。它表示的意思是“出现蓝天的次数越来越多”，可灵活处理为We can see blue sky more frequently。后面的“水质越来越好，生态环境越来越美”表达一种状态上的改善，可以合译为the water quality and the whole eco—environment are ever—improving。
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