首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
【F1】The concept of life expectancy at birth is well understood by most people: the average age in which babies bom today will di
【F1】The concept of life expectancy at birth is well understood by most people: the average age in which babies bom today will di
admin
2019-08-08
38
问题
【F1】
The concept of life expectancy at birth is well understood by most people: the average age in which babies bom today will die if death rates throughout their life course resemble those today.
We have known for decades that in the U.S., on average, women live longer than men; whites live longer than blacks; and the rich and well educated live longer than those with low socioeconomic status.
【F2】
What we are only recently beginning to understand, however, is that educational attainment is becoming the single most important social determinant of longevity in America.
The new research shows that college-educated white women are expected to live 9.3 years longer than their low-educated counterparts—those who have not completed high school—compared with only a 2.5-year difference in 1990.
Variation is perhaps the second most important measure in statistics—the first being the average— summarizing the extent to which observations are spread around the average. 【F3】
For example, we can observe two populations with identical life expectancy, but, from an individual perspective, the one with larger variation in life spans will have greater uncertainty in the age of death.
If life span variation is very small, most deaths are concentrated close to the average; if variation is large, some individuals will die prematurely, whereas others will survive to a very old age.
To put it concretely, if you had to bet on how long you will live, your best bet would depend more than anything else on your educational attainment. 【F4】
Although betting on how long we will live may seem like an odd endeavor, this is precisely what we do, whether implicitly or explicitly, when we make decisions throughout the course of our life.
Variation in life spans also affects the social and economic institutions planning for our old age, including the Social Security Administration and programs like Medicare. They too have to balance between contributions and benefits in an era of growing uncertainty about how long we will live. Perhaps more fundamental, the growing inequality in life spans—both in average and in variability—raises questions concerning distributive justice. 【F5】
For example, if those at the lower rungs of the socioeconomic ladder are less likely to survive to old age—and, importantly, face greater uncertainty about their chances of survival—should we institute a differential retirement age?
And what would such a scheme look like?
【F3】
选项
答案
比如说,我们可以观察到两组平均寿命相同人群,但是,从个人的角度来说,预期寿命变化较大的一组人群,其死亡年龄具有更大的不确定性。
解析
①本句是由转折连词but连接两个简单句的并列句;两个分句均为主谓宾结构。②分句1中,介词短语with identical life expectancy为后置定语,惨饰宾语two populations,说明这两组人群的平均寿命相同。③分句2中,from an individual perspective为方式状语,表示从个人角度来看;the one指代前句中两组人群中的其中一组,介词短语with larger…spans为后置定语,修饰the one,说明这是寿命变化较大的人群;句末的in the age of death作状语。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/nF2Z777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Humanlanguageisthesubjectofendlessscientificinvestigation,butthegesturesthataccompanyspeechareasurprisinglyneg
Readthefollowingtextandmatcheachofthenumbereditemsintheleftcolumntoitscorrespondinginformationintherightco
Readthefollowingtextandmatcheachofthenumbereditemsintheleftcolumntoitscorrespondinginformationintherightco
Readthefollowingtextandmatcheachofthenumbereditemsintheleftcolumntoitscorrespondinginformationintherightco
Themythologyofaculturecanprovidesomevitalinsightsintothebeliefsandvaluesofthatculture.Byusingfantasticands
Thecountry’sinadequatementalhealthsystemgetsthemostattentionafterinstancesofmassviolencethatthenationhasseen
Weoftentendtoassociatesmilingastheresultofapositiveeventormood.Butresearchdemonstratesthattheactofsmiling,
Weoftentendtoassociatesmilingastheresultofapositiveeventormood.Butresearchdemonstratesthattheactofsmiling,
Weoftentendtoassociatesmilingastheresultofapositiveeventormood.Butresearchdemonstratesthattheactofsmiling,
【F1】Thevaluewhichsocietyplacesonworkhastraditionallybeencloselyassociatedwiththevalueofindividualismandasare
随机试题
Everysporthasitsgreatlegends:soccerhasPele,andbasketballhasMichaelJordan.Isthereone【B1】______whompeopleconside
TheearliestimmigrantstoNorthAmericafoundIndiansalreadylivingthere.TheIndiansnumberedabout500,000atthattime.Th
A.赤色B.白色C.黄色D.青色E.黑色主脾虚,湿证的是()
胃苏颗粒的功能有
患儿,男,11个月。因呕吐、腹泻3天来院,初步诊断为婴儿腹泻伴脱水。患儿经6小时补液治疗后,脱水基本纠正,开始排尿,但又出现精神萎靡、腹胀、肠鸣音减弱、心音低钝,护士考虑该患儿可能是
冬季开挖路堑必须()开挖。
《诗经》中属于民间音乐部分的是()。
小李和朋友相约:“如果明天阳光灿烂,我就和你一起去踏青。”据此,可以推出小李爽约的情形是()。
在许多人看来,从一而终的就是好婚姻。其实,这种看法并不正确。婚姻不仅意味着身体的忠诚,而且还包含了情感的相互扶持。所以不能说只要没有第三者,婚姻就没有问题。当下中国有许多婚姻是这样一种模式:夫妻并没有出轨,但双方都无法从婚姻中获得抚慰、滋养和治愈。实际上,
Longlongagotherelivedabeautifulgirl______namewasHelen.
最新回复
(
0
)