首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Now medical researchers are discovering a truism: "alcohol and tobacco do not mix." These two substances, both dangerous to heal
Now medical researchers are discovering a truism: "alcohol and tobacco do not mix." These two substances, both dangerous to heal
admin
2014-02-27
63
问题
Now medical researchers are discovering a truism: "alcohol and tobacco do not mix." These two substances, both dangerous to health, act synergistically, each making the other more powerful and thereby causing worse damage than either would do alone.
Because of this interaction, the person who both smokes and drinks heavily may be at a greater risk of becoming ill than one who drinks like a fish, but never smokes or who smokes like a chimney, but never drinks. To get an idea of how this synergism may work, consider what happens when a smoker lights up a cigarette. With each puff he inhales at least 4,000 different chemicals. These include toxic hydrogen-cyanide, carbon monoxide and nitrogen-dioxide gases, and four dozen compounds such as benzo pyrene and radioactive polonium 210. All are known as carcinogens. Most chemical vapors in tobacco smoke get deposited in the mouth, nose, throat and lungs in a coating called tar. It is in this tar that most of the cancer — inducing potential of tobacco smoke lies. Then in a scenario typical of chronic heavy drinkers — most of whom also smoke — our smoker feels thirsty and washes down that smoke coating in his mouth and throat with whisky. The alcohol in his drink is not in itself a carcinogen, but it may act as a solvent, dissolving the tar-taped tobacco poisons, and easing the transport of carcinogens across membranes.
Our smoker continues to drink. Soon he lights another cigarette and inhales deeply. Behind his embattled lungs, meanwhile, his liver has gone on full alert to save his life. The three-pound chemical factory, which cleans most toxins from the bloodstream, reacts to alcohol as a foreign substance and metabolizes 95 percent of it into other chemicals. But in turning its energy to clearing just one-half ounce of pure alcohol — the amount in a standard drink — per hour from our drinking smoker’s blood, the liver’s other metabolic functions suffer a sharp decrease. Poisons from tobacco smoke that otherwise would be removed from his blood within minutes are now allowed to flood his body for hours or days, depending on how much alcohol the liver must dispose of.
The person who smokes one or two packs of cigarettes a day loses on average six to eight percent of his blood’s oxygen carrying capacity. If our heavy smoker’s use of alcohol has led to alcoholism, he is probably malnourished. This malnourishment compounds problems he is having with insufficient oxygen. His brain cells are dying from it.
The synergistic effect of alcohol and tobacco may deliver a powerful blow to the cardiovascular system as well as the upper respiratory tract. For those prone to hypertension who drink more than two ounces of alcohol a day, high blood pressure is common and with it the increased risk of stroke and heart attack. For hypertensives who combine smoking and drinking, the risks are even greater.
According to the passage, why does a drink bring serious results to a smoker?
选项
A、Because it may act as a dissolving agent.
B、Because he is malnourished.
C、Because the liver can’t dispose of alcohol.
D、Because the liver has to clean the toxins.
答案
A
解析
这是一道细节题。文章第二段指出:他喝的酒精本身没有致癌性,但是,它可能充当了溶剂,溶解以焦油形式残留下来的烟草毒物,使致癌物顺利通过口腔和咽喉的隔膜。这说明,A“因为酒精可能充当溶剂”,与文章的意思符合。B和D明显不是原因;C与文章的意思不符合。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/nHO4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
AnunendingflowofprivateandpubliccriticismsuggeststhatthepeopleoftheUnitedStatessuffer【C1】______government,natio
CancerresearchersAhavedonegreatprogressinthelastdecade;Bhowever,scientistsCstillrealizethattherearemanyaspects
Dinosaurswerereptileswhichbecameextinctabout65millionyearsago.Themost【C1】______questionaboutdinosaurshasalwaysb
【F1】Inhisownlife,BarackObamahaslivedtheAmericandream,asacommunityorganizer,inthestatesenate,asaUnitedState
【F1】Inhisownlife,BarackObamahaslivedtheAmericandream,asacommunityorganizer,inthestatesenate,asaUnitedState
Onebasicweaknessinaconservationsystembasedwhollyoneconomicmotivesisthatmostmembersofthelandcommunityhaveno
ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast400yearsistraditionallynarrated【1】anongoingstruggleagainst【2】andindiffe
Whethertoteachyoungchildrenasecondlanguageisdisputedamongteachers,researchersandpushyparents.Ontheonehand,ac
Thewillingnessofdoctorsatseveralmajormedicalcenterstoapologize.topatientsforharmfulerrorsisapromisingsteptow
Thewillingnessofdoctorsatseveralmajormedicalcenterstoapologize.topatientsforharmfulerrorsisapromisingsteptow
随机试题
再贴现政策主要包括()两方面的内容。
【案例】患者男,58岁。吸烟史30年,咳嗽咳痰20余年,活动后气短4年,偶有下肢水肿。近5天咳嗽、气短症状加重。查体:神志清,桶状胸,双肺呼吸音低,少量湿啰音,P2>A2,剑突下搏动增强,双下肢水肿。最可能的诊断是
治疗血行瘀滞,多配用行气药,是由于
男,30岁。慢性再生障碍性贫血病史3年,因头晕、乏力、心悸2天入院。查体:贫血貌,血红蛋白60g/L。患者既往有多次输血史,2个月前输血时曾出现过发热反应,体温达39.2℃,经对症处理后缓解。患者此次住院输血,宜首选的血液制品是
税收的调节作用主要通过()体现出来。
From:MitchellGlassTo:LoisWest
Subject:ManythanksDearMs.West,Iwouldliketothankyoufor
关于社会救助,下列描述中错误的是()。
下列关于表述法的效力的选项哪个是正确的?()
下面列出的关于“视图(View)”的条目中,哪一条是不正确的?
It’samazingthattworesearchersworkingindependentlymadethesamediscovery___________.
最新回复
(
0
)