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Listen to the following passage. Write a short English summary of around 150-200 words of what you have heard. You will hear the
Listen to the following passage. Write a short English summary of around 150-200 words of what you have heard. You will hear the
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2011-01-08
44
问题
Listen to the following passage. Write a short English summary of around 150-200 words of what you have heard. You will hear the passage only once and then you will have 25 minutes to finish your English summary. This part of the test carries 20 points. You may need to scribble a few notes in order to write your summary satisfactorily.
Friday wag World AIDS Day, an annual observance sponsored by the United Nations to measure progress in combating the global epidemic of HIV/AIDS.
Although there still is no cure, HIV/AIDS can be managed with knowledge, commitment, doctors, medicine, and money.
That’s why the Global Fund comes in. It’s the largest single non-political source of money in the battle against the disease. VOA’s Adam Phillips takes a closer look at the Global Fund, as seen through the eyes of a leading activist who is trying to make sure the Fund’s resources are well spent.
The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria is a multi-billion dollar project supported by a consortium of donor nations, non-governmental organizations, in-country health care providers, educators and others. While the workings of this Geneva-based agency are quite complex, the core idea underlying its work is quite simple. It says that each of the 131 nations that seek AIDS funding is in the best position to know what its own needs are, and how best to spend the money it receives. Bernard Rivers is the executive director of AIDSPAN, an independent organization that monitors the Global Fund and publishes the Global Fund Observer, a free, online newsletter about its activities.
"The Global Fund says to each country, in effect, ’what do you want to do to fight AIDS?’ And each country can design what kind of program it wants. One country might want to set up an anti-retroviral treatment program. That is, they may want to buy lots of the modem drags, the ARV drugs, which are used to treat AIDS. Another country may want to focus primarily on prevention through education.
Here’s how the Global Fund works. Donor nations contribute funds to a common reserve, which today totals about $6.3 billion. Nations who apply for funds submit very specific proposals. The proposals, says AIDSPAN’s Bernard Rivers, are judged according to their merit and the results that are promised, never on political considerations. What’s more, Rivers says, the decision to renew funding is based entirely on results achieved.
Now this is an interesting challenge. Because if the country sets ridiculously high targets -- by spending a very small amount of money it claims it will deliver phenomenal results -- that may look good in the proposal. But then, if the grant is approved, the Global Fund says ’where are the results? Are you delivering those results?’ If on the other hand, the country aims rather low and promises very modest results, the Global Fund may say ’well, we can get better results elsewhere by giving grants to other countries.’"
One example of this tough "bottom line" approach occurred early in 2006 when the Global Fund cut off $70 million in funding to Nigeria. Rivers says that Nigeria’s proposal had promised that 14,000 of its AIDS-infected citizens would receive anti-retroviral drugs by the end of last year.
"The actual number of people who were on treatment by the end of the first year was zero. Quite a number of people started to be put on treatment in the second year, but the grant was way behind schedule, and there was a serious lack of desire by the government of Nigeria to make those grants really work efficiently."
选项
答案
HIV/AIDS can be managed with knowledge, commitment, doctors, medicine, and money, which is the reason for the birth of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, the largest single non-political source of money in the battle against the disease. It is a multi-billion dollar project supported by a consortium of donor nations, non-governmental organizations, in- country health care providers, educators and others. Its holds a simple core idea that each of the 131 nations seeking AIDS funding best knows its own needs and the best way to spend the funds. Here is how the Global Fund works. Donor nations contribute funds to a common reserve, today totaling about $6.3 billion. Recipient nations can design what kind of program they want. However, nations applying for funds must submit specific proposals, which are judged according to their merit and the results promised, never on political considerations. The decision to renew funding is based entirely on results achieved, thus neither too high nor too low targets are appropriate. One example of this tough "bottom line" approach occurred early in 2006 when the Fund cut off $70 million in funding to Nigeria, for it failed to realize its proposed targets.
解析
1.这一材料的主题“艾滋病”本是比较常见的话题,但是文章实际的内容即抗艾全球基金的使用情况却又是不大常见的话题,由于前面一段关于世界艾滋病日的解说可能让听者紧张的心态因为听到熟悉的内容有所放松,这时下文接着的不大熟悉的内容一出现,反而容易令考生措手不及。因此,随时保持全神贯注的状态非常重要。
2.文中涉及的难词和术语如“tuberculosis”、“malaria”、“nsortium”、“anti-retroviral”等,以及一些专有名词如“AIDSPAN”等,都可能会给考生造成一定的压力。其实这类词汇可以在抗艾滋病这个语境中猜测出大致意义,有的也不是写summary必要的。
3.语速正常,但有些句子信息量大,如“The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria is a multi-billion dollar project supposed by a consortium of donor nations, non-governmental organizations, in-country health care providers, educators and others”等,在听记的时候可能会造成较为麻烦的情况。考生应该尽量抓取关键字眼,在听懂的基础上重新整合信息。
4.听力材料中的数字也是一个难点。尤其是在本身信息量较大的句子中,做记录时容易顾此失彼。
5.有些地方发音比较模糊,如“to fight”听起来像“defined”,“tough”听起来像“top”、“serious”听起来像“sheer ears”等,有些用法如“grant”不作常见的动词使用而是作为名词使用,表示“为特定目的赠予的基金”等,这些也都是这一材料的难点。
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