2. 外语
  3. The Victorians had become addicted to speed and they wanted to go ever faster. Time was money and efficiency became【C1】______ im

The Victorians had become addicted to speed and they wanted to go ever faster. Time was money and efficiency became【C1】______ im

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问题     The Victorians had become addicted to speed and they wanted to go ever faster. Time was money and efficiency became【C1】______ important. Although division of labour had been【C2】______ by Adam Smith and illustrated by a pin factory in The Wealth of Nations in 1776,【C3】______ could now become fully realised. This specialisation of labour was in【C4】______ contrast to the rural means of production, in【C5】______ the family was the means of production, consumption and socialisation.【C6】______ greater speed came a greater need for industries and businesses to make more and make it quicker. Steam made this【C7】______ and changed working life forever.【C8】______ were the days when work was【C9】______ by natural forces: steam engines were servant【C10】______ neither season nor sunshine. Factories had foremen and life became correspondingly more【C11】______ . The clocking-on machine was【C12】______ in 1885 and time and motion studies to increase efficiency would be introduced only【C13】______ twenty years later.【C14】______ it was not all bad news. Agricultural incomes depended on variable harvests and weather. Factories provided【C15】______ and predictable income, but long hours.
    Working life was becoming increasingly regulated, and the working【C16】______ was reorganised to promote ever greater efficiency. The old【C17】______ of St. Monday—when no work was done—was gradually phased out and to【C18】______ , work stopped around midday on Saturday and did not resume【C19】______ Monday morning. A new division between "work" and "leisure" emerged, and this new block of weekend leisure time coincided with the development of spectator sports like cricket and football, and the【C20】______ of music hall entertainment for the new working classes.
【C9】
选项 A、defined
B、dictated
C、limited
D、controlled
答案B
解析 冒号后的内容是上文的补充说明：蒸汽不是季节和阳光的仆人。season和sunshine都属于natural forces，故此空格填人的词要呼应servant“仆人”。B项dictated除表示“口述，听写”之外，还有“命令，支配”之义，符合语境，说明工作要受自然力量“支配”的日子已经过去了。
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