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  3. Dining in China is featured with courtesy and manners. From seating arrangements to the sequence of dishes to be served and from

Dining in China is featured with courtesy and manners. From seating arrangements to the sequence of dishes to be served and from

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问题    Dining in China is featured with courtesy and manners. From seating arrangements to the sequence of dishes to be served and from who to initiate the dinner to when to leave the table—everything is clearly defined. At the Chinese dinner table, the medial position facing the door is for the most important person, and the dishes are served in the cold-to-hot and simple-to-complex order. Eating won’t start until the person sitting right in the middle has a taste of the dish. At the dinner table, the Chinese hospitality is at its best, as interpersonal relationships among diners are bound to deepen when wineglasses are raised. At the outset of the eating, the host, as a rule, delivers a short speech of welcome before he toasts his guests. He drinls his wine up and his guests follow suit.
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答案 中国人的饭局讲究最多，从座位的安排到上菜的顺序，从谁先动第一筷到什么时候可以离席，都有明确的规定。在中国人的饭局上，里面中间对着门的位置要给最重要的人坐，上菜时按照先凉后热、先简后繁的顺序。吃饭时，要等坐在正中间的人动第一筷后，其他人才能跟着开吃。中国人的好客，在酒席上发挥得最充分。人与人的感情往往在敬酒时变得深厚。饭局开始时，主人通常要讲上几句话，之后便开始敬酒。主人先将自己杯中的酒一饮而尽，客人一般也要喝完。
解析 1．第一句是一个长句，可译为两句。“讲究”可意译为be featured with courtesy and manners。“从座位的安排……明确的规定”首先要确定主句，然后其他成分以状语形式翻译。“座位的安排”可译为seating arrangements；“先动第一筷”可译为initiate the dinner。
2．第三句中，“要等……才……”用“not…until…”句式译出。
3．第四句中，“好客”是个难词，可译为hospitality；“发挥得最充分”可译为词组at its best。
4．第六句中，要注意区分英汉句子的不同，“……之后”在英语中习惯用before来表达。
5．第七句中，“一饮而尽”可译为drink one’s wine up；“也要喝完”可用词组follow suit“照着做，仿效”来表达。
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