2. 外语
  3. 中国坚定不移地走和平发展道路，是基于中国国情的必然选择。1840年鸦片战争以后的 100多年里，中国受尽了列强的欺辱。消除战争，实现和平，建设独立富强、民生幸福的国家，是近代以来中国人民孜孜以求的奋斗目标。今天的中国虽然取得了巨大的发展成就，但人口多，底子

中国坚定不移地走和平发展道路，是基于中国国情的必然选择。1840年鸦片战争以后的 100多年里，中国受尽了列强的欺辱。消除战争，实现和平，建设独立富强、民生幸福的国家，是近代以来中国人民孜孜以求的奋斗目标。今天的中国虽然取得了巨大的发展成就，但人口多，底子

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问题     中国坚定不移地走和平发展道路，是基于中国国情的必然选择。1840年鸦片战争以后的 100多年里，中国受尽了列强的欺辱。消除战争，实现和平，建设独立富强、民生幸福的国家，是近代以来中国人民孜孜以求的奋斗目标。今天的中国虽然取得了巨大的发展成就，但人口多，底子薄，发展不平衡，仍然是世界上最大的发展中国家。推动经济社会发展，不断改善人民生活始终是中国的中心任务。中国人民最需要、最珍爱和平的国际环境，愿尽自己所能，为推动各国共同发展作出积极贡献。
选项
答案It is an inevitable choice based on its national conditions that China persists unswervingly in taking the road of peaceful development. During the 100-odd years following the Opium War in 1840, China suffered humiliation and insult from big powers. And thus, ever since the advent of modern times, it has become the assiduously sought goal of the Chinese people to eliminate war, maintain peace, and build a country of independence and prosperity, and a comfortable and happy life for the people. Although it has made enormous achievements in development, China, with a large population, a weak economic foundation and unbalanced development, is still the largest developing country in the world. It is the central task of China to promote economic and social development while continuously improving its people’s life. To stick to the road of peaceful development is the inevitable way for China to attain national prosperity and strength, and its people’s happiness. What the Chinese people need and cherish most is a peaceful international environment. They are willing to do their best to make energetic contributions for the common development of all countries.
解析 1．中国坚定不移地走和平发展道路，是基于中国国情的必然选择。
译文：Is is an inevitable choice based on its national conditions that China persists unswervingly in taking the road of peaceful development．
本句由于主语较长，翻译成主语从句，采用倒装句型，主语后置，“必然选择”仔细分析，不难看出是：应该做的不可避免的选择。在做中译英时，一个汉语词汇在英语中根据不同语义要求会有很多表达的单词，除了本句中关于“走”的翻译外，如：
中国坚持高科技发展的道路。译文：China focuses on the development of high technology and science．
例如：关于“问题”的翻译：
(1)issue
双方还就一系列重大国际及地区问题交换了看法。
The two sides have also exchanged views on a series of major international and regional issues．
(2)concerns
在国际和地区问题上，中美共同利益和责任有增无减。
With respect to regional and international concerns，there are greater rather than fewer common interests and common responsibilities for China and the U．S．
(3)question
这是大家都十分关心的问题。
n is a question of great concern to US all．
(4)problem
亚洲金融危机爆发后，亚洲国家更加深切地感到解决这些问题的紧迫性。
The outbreak of the Asian financial crisis has made Asian countries more keenly aware of the urgency to address those problems．
(5)topic
只要坚持一个中国的原则，两岸就可以坐下来谈，而且什么问题都可以谈。
As long as Taiwan recognizes the one-China principle，the two sides of the Taiwan straits may have dialogues．And the dialogues and talks can cover any topic．
(6)point
你提到一个很重要的问题。
You also touched upon an important point．
(7)matter
双方同意就地区的经济、金融问题进行战略对话。
Both parties have agreed to conduct strategic dialogue on regional economic and financial matters．
常见的“坚持”在英语中的表达有：
(1)adhere to
中国政府坚持实行以扩大内需为主的发展方针。
The Chinese government adheres to the guiding principle of development focusing on the expansion of domestic demand．
坚持和完善公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度。
We adhered to and improved our basic economic system in which the public sector plays the dominant role along with multiple non-public sectors developing together．
(2)persevere in
他号召香港人民坚持“一国两制”的原则。
He called on the Hong Kong people to persevere in the principle of“one Country，Two Systems"．
(3)persist in
坚持开放和世界合作对亚洲来说是必须的。
To persist in openness and co-operation with the rest of the world is a must for Asia．
(4)in conformity with
坚持市场引导，项目推动，加快科技成果的转化，促进了高新技术企业成长。
Promoting the growth of new and high-tech enterprises by accelerating the transformation of S & T findings in conforming with the principle of“market-oriented and project-driven”．
(5)maintain
因为他坚持失败主义的态度，所以失败了一次又一次。
He failed again and again simply because he had maintained his defeatist attitude．
(6)insist on(常用于贬义，表达由于固执而坚持己见。)
他们坚持上次会议上提出的条件。
They insist on the terms put forward at the previous session．
(7)stick to
在台湾问题上，中国将坚持“一国两制”和“和平统一”的原则。
China will stick to the principles of“one Country，Two Systems”and“Peaceful Reunification”on Taiwan issue．
在做汉译英翻译时，就如同写文章，学会遣词造句，斟词酌句，根据寓意的需要，进行词义选择，用合适的单词表达。
2．消除战争，实现和平，建设独立富强、民生幸福的国家，是近代以来中国人民孜孜以求的奋斗目标。
译文：And thus，ever since the advent of modern times，it has become the assiduously sought goal of
The Chinese people to eliminate war，maintain peace，and build a c01intry of independence and prosperity，and a comfortable and happy life for the people．
本句中“消除”，“实现”，“建设”为三个并列的行为动词作本句的主语，用非谓语动词不定式短语表达。在英语中采用倒装句式，主语后置。“实现”在这里比较准确的语意是“维护和平”，需要用“maintain"表达更好。
3．今天的中国虽然取得了巨大的发展成就，但人口多，底子薄，发展不平衡，仍然是世界上最大的发展中国家。
译文：Although it has made enormous achievements in development，China，with a large population，a weak economic foundation and unbalanced development，is still the largest developing country in the world．
本句中“人口多，底子薄，发展不平衡”属于主谓关系结构的短语，将其名词化，作with介词的宾语构成介宾短语，在本句中作原因状语。
4．推动经济社会发展，不断改善人民生活始终是中国的中心任务。
译文：It is the central task of China to promote economic and social development while continuously improving its people’s life．
“推动和不断改善”为行为动作，在本句中作主语，采用不定式短语表达，其中“不断改善”处理成时间状语修饰“推动”，采用主语后置形式表达。
5．中国人民最需要、最珍爱和平的国际环境，愿尽自己所能，为推动各国共同发展作出积极贡献。
译文：What the Chinese people need and cherish most is a peaceful international environment．They are willing to do their  best  to make energetic contributions for the common development of all countries．
本句在英语中用两个句子表达，“中国人民最需要、最珍爱”用主语从句表达，“和平的国际环境”为表语，“愿意，情愿做……”在英语中常用"be willing to"，“be ready to"，“prepare for"表达，“尽自己所能”常用try one’s best，do one’s best，make an effort to do sth．表达，其中“推动”省略不译，用"make contributions for sth．”句型。
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