2. 计算机
  3. Typically,an IP address refers to an individual host on a particular network．IP also accommodates addresses that refer to a grou

Typically,an IP address refers to an individual host on a particular network．IP also accommodates addresses that refer to a grou

admin2019-02-25  47
问题 Typically,an IP address refers to an individual host on a particular network．IP also accommodates addresses that refer to a group of hosts on one or more networks．Such addresses are referred to as multicast addresses，and the act of sending a packet from a source to the members of a  ①  group is referred to as multicasting．Multicasting done  ②   the scope of a single LAN segment is straightforward．IEEE 802 and other LAN protocols include provision for MAC—level multicast addresses．A packet with a multicast address is transmitted on a LAN segment．Those stations that are members of the   ③  multicast group recognize the multicast address and  ④  the packet．In this case，only a single copy of the packet is ever transmitted．This technique works because of the   ⑤  nature of a LAN：A transmission from any one station is received by all other stations on the LAN．
⑤处应填入？
选项 A、multicast
B、unicast
C、broadcast
D、multiple unicast
答案C
解析 通常，一个IP地址指向某网络上的一个主机。IP同时也具有指向一个或多个网络中的一组主机的地址形式，这种地址称为多播地址，而将分组从一个源点发送到一个多播组所有成员的行为称为多播。在单个局域网段范围内的多播操作相当简单。IEEE 802和其他局域网协议都包括了对MAC层多播地址的支持。当一个具有多播地址的分组在某个局域网段上传输时，相应多播组的成员都能识别出这个多播地址，并接受该分组。在这种情况下，只需要传输一个分组副本。这种技术之所以能行之有效，是因为局域网本身具有广播特性：来自任何一个站点上的传输都会被局域网中的所有其他站点接收到。
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