2. 外语
  3. Before considering this question it is interesting to review briefly the evolution of 【M1】______ the mind as the instrument. T

Before considering this question it is interesting to review briefly the evolution of 【M1】______ the mind as the instrument. T

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问题 Before considering this question it is interesting to review briefly the evolution of   【M1】______
the mind as the instrument. The commonest way that has been used to find out the
relative intellectual level of creatures at different stage
of evolutionary complexity has                                                          【M2】______
been to study the way they behave when giving different kinds of puzzles. For example,  【M3】______
an ant possesses a complex routine of behaviour, but can it think? The answer is what   【M4】______
if an ant is forced to go through a maze of passages, many of which are dead ends,
on its way to its nestle, it starts by making a lot of mistakes and taking a great many 【M5】______
wrong turnings. In the end, however, after it has to worry its way through often        【M6】______
enough, it does learn to get to its nest without going into any of the blind alleys.
As one moves up the evolutionary scale the test of mind-power exemplified by solving    【M7】______
the problem of getting through a maze becomes very simple. Among mammals,               【M8】______
for example, the maze is an inadequate test. The learning problem does not tax enough
attributes of the mind. In this sort of learning, as a matter of fact, rats can hit university
undergraduates and have, in fact, repeatedly done so. The next, more subtle test of     【M9】______
mental ability is to see what level an animal can think about something when            【M10】______
it is not there.
【M3】
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