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  3. Male chauvinism — the attitude that women are the passive and inferior servants of society and of men — sets women apart from th

Male chauvinism — the attitude that women are the passive and inferior servants of society and of men — sets women apart from th

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问题     Male chauvinism — the attitude that women are the passive and inferior servants of society and of men — sets women apart from the rest of the working class. Even when they do the same work as men, women are not considered workers in the same sense, with the need and right to work to provide for their families or to support themselves independently. They are expected to accept work at lower wages and without job security. Thus they can be used as a marginal or reserve labor force when profits depend on extra low costs or when men are needed for war.
    Women are not supposed to be independent, so they are not supposed to have any "right to work". This means, in effect, that although they do work, they are denied the right to organize and fight for better wages and conditions. Thus the role of women in the labor force undermines the struggles of male workers as well. The boss can break a union drive by threatening to hire lower paid women or blacks. In many cases, where women are organized, the union contract reinforces their inferior position, making women the least loyal and militant union members.(Standard Oil workers in San Francisco recently paid the price of male supremacy. Women at Standard Oil have the least chance for advancement and decent pay, and the union has done little to fight this. Not surprisingly, women formed the core of the back to work move that eventually broke the strike.)
    In general, because women are defined as docile, helpless, and inferior, they are forced into the most demeaning and mind rotting jobs — from scrubbing floors to filing cards — under the most oppressive conditions where they are treated like children or slaves. Their very position reinforces the idea, even among the women themselves, that they are fit for and should be satisfied with this kind of work.
    Apart from the direct, material exploitation of women, male supremacy acts in more subtle ways to undermine class consciousness. The tendency of male workers to think of themselves primarily as men(i.e., powerful)rather than as workers(i.e., members of an oppressed group)promotes a false sense of privilege and power, and an identification with the world of men, including the boss. The petty dictatorship which most men exercise over their wives and families enables them to vent their anger and frustration in a way which poses no challenge to the system. The role of the man in the family reinforces aggressive individualism, authoritarianism, and a hierarchical view of social relations — values which are fundamental to the perpetuation(不朽)of capitalism. In this system we are taught to relieve our fears and frustrations by brutalizing those weaker than we are: a man in uniform turns into a pig; the foreman intimidates the man on the line; the husband beats his wife, child, and dog.
The best title for this passage might be_____.
选项 A、Men and Women in Capitalism
B、The Effects of Men’s Supremacy on Women
C、Dictatorship and Women Strike
D、Women’s Role in Work Union Successes
答案B
解析 这是一道主旨题。文章指出：大男子主义将女性从劳动阶层的其余部分中分离出来；人们认为女性不应该独立，所以她们不应该有任何“工作的权利”；由于女性被定义成温顺、无助和低下的性别，所以她们被迫在最令人难以忍受的环境中做最卑下、最腐蚀思想的工作：除了这种对妇女的直接物质剥削外，大男子主义也以更微妙的方式破坏阶层意识。这说明，本文主要讲的是大男子主义及其对女性造成的影响。B说“大男子主义对女性产生的影响”，这可以表达文章的主题。A，C和D都不能表达文章的主题。
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考研英语一

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