首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
We all know (or should know) by now that the carbon dioxide we produce when we burn fossil fuels and cut down forests is the pla
We all know (or should know) by now that the carbon dioxide we produce when we burn fossil fuels and cut down forests is the pla
admin
2018-01-08
24
问题
We all know (or should know) by now that the carbon dioxide we produce when we burn fossil fuels and cut down forests is the planet’s single largest contributor to global warming. It persists in the atmosphere for centuries. Reducing these emissions by as much as half by 2050 is essential to avoid disastrous consequences by the end of this century, and we must begin immediately.
But this is a
herculean
undertaking, both technically and politically. There is, however, a short-term strategy. We can slow this warming quickly by cutting emissions of four other climate pollutants: black carbon, a component of soot; methane, the main component of natural gas; lower-level ozone, a main ingredient of urban smog; and hydrofluorocarbons, or HFCs, which are used as coolants. They account for as much as 40 percent of current warming.
We can reduce black carbon emissions significantly in the next few decades by using particulate filters on cars and trucks and switching to low-sulfur diesel. By employing those strategies, California, for instance, has cut the warming effect from diesel emissions by nearly half since the late 1980s. In addition, we can further reduce emissions of black carbon and carbon monoxide (which produces lower-level ozone) in the developing world simply by turning to efficient biomass cook stoves instead of using traditional mud stoves, by replacing kerosene lamps in villages with solar lamps, and by deploying modern brick kilns.
Methane emissions can be cut by nearly a third by reducing leaks from gas pipes, coal mines and hydraulic fracturing, by capturing methane from waste dumps, water treatment plants and manure, and by cutting emissions from rice paddies.
These reductions in methane, carbon monoxide and volatile organic compounds would also significantly reduce lower-level ozone, which is another important climate-warming pollutant that is formed by the interaction of sunlight with other short-lived pollutants.
And HFCs, which are widely used in refrigerators, can be replaced with readily available climate-friendly refrigerants. Nearly 100 ozone-depleting chemicals have been phased out under the Montreal Protocol, an international treaty that took effect in 1989 , and more than 100 countries support a shift to the safer HFC alternatives. Phasing down HFCs would provide climate protection many times greater than the current Kyoto climate treaty—the equivalent of about 100 billion tons of carbon dioxide by 2050.
Unlike carbon dioxide, these pollutants are short-lived in the atmosphere. If we stop emitting them, they will disappear in a matter of weeks to a few decades. These reductions would also prevent an estimated two to four million deaths from air pollution and avoid billions of dollars of crop loss annually, according to a study commissioned by the United Nations Environment Program and the World Meteorological Organization.
According to the paragraph 3, California has cut the warming effect from diesel emissions by______.
选项
A、deploying modern brick kilns
B、replacing kerosene lamps in villages with solar lamps
C、turning to efficient biomass cook stoves instead of using traditional mud stoves
D、using particulate filters on cars and trucks and switching to low-sulfur diesel
答案
D
解析
此题为细节分析题。该段首句指出,我们可以在接下来的几十年里通过在汽车和卡车上使用微粒过滤器以及转换为低硫柴油的方法显著地减少炭黑排放。接着第二句,通过实施这些措施,加利福尼亚已经将由于柴油排放造成的温室效应减少了将近一半。因此,D选项为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/rTBZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
LastSeptember,theU.S.governmentannouncedthatitsbirthratefellto"anotherrecordlow".Morallyspeaking,there’snothing
Ininterviews,famouspeopleoftensaythatthekeytobecomingbothhappyandsuccessfulisto"dowhatyoulove."Butmasterin
EducationFeesWriteanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthedrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingb
DonationWritealetterofabout100wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation:Thestudentsinyouruniversityhavedonate
TheShort-sightedStudentsWriteanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthedrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describet
Withincreasingprosperity,WesternEuropeanyouthishavingaflingthatiscreatingdistinctiveconsumerandculturalpatterns
Manywilldoubttobaccoindustryclaimsthatitissharpeningitssciencetoevaluate"healthiercigarettes".Butthat’swhatwi
Youarewritingamaster’sthesisandneedsomereferencematerials.WritealettertoProfessorRichardandaskforhishelp,f
HarvardprofessorHarveyMansfieldstirredupcontroversyrecentlybycriticizingtheviolentgradeinflationathisinstitution
TheUS$3-millionFundamentalPhysicsPrizeisindeedaninterestingexperiment,asAlexanderPolyakovsaidwhenheacceptedt
随机试题
皮质醇增多症中,下列哪些临床表现与蛋白质代谢有关
下列可用于抗晕动病的药物是
A.普萘洛尔B.去甲肾上腺素C.异丙肾上腺素D.多巴胺E.酚妥拉明广泛用于心律失常、心绞痛和高血压的药是
A、以患者作为受试对象的试验B、以人作为受试对象的试验C、人体试验时必须要做到真正的知情同意D、选择受试者的时候需遵循的E、保障受试者身心安全人体试验是
某市由于粮食价格上升带动饲料价格上涨,又发生了“生猪高热病”,养猪户由于猪价低而不愿意花钱给病猪治疗,致使该市大量肉猪死亡,养殖成本增加导致猪肉价格比去年同期上涨两倍。这就大大提高了猪肉深加工企业的成本,估计猪肉制品价格将有大幅度的提高。以下哪项
日记描述法
四阶行列式的值等于()
若已经声明了函数原型“voidfun(inta,doubleb=0.0);”,则下列重载函数声明中正确的是()。
Fewnaturaldangersaremorefearedthanavalanches.AvalanchesareafamiliarpartofEuropeanhistory.ParticularlyintheSwi
LessNews,MuchBetterA)Inthepastfewdecades,thefortunateamongushaverecognizedthehazardsoflivingwithanoverabund
最新回复
(
0
)