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  3. How fast is your personal computer? When people ask this question, they are typically referring to the frequency of a minuscule

How fast is your personal computer? When people ask this question, they are typically referring to the frequency of a minuscule

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问题     How fast is your personal computer? When people ask this question, they are typically referring to the frequency of a minuscule clock inside the computer, a crystal oscillator that sets the basic rhythm used throughout the machine. In a computer with a speed of one gigahertz, for example, the crystal "ticks" a billion times a second. Every action of the computer takes place in tiny steps, each a billionth of a second long. A simple transfer of data may take only one step; complex calculations may take many steps. All operations, however, must begin and end according to the clock’s timing signals.
    Because most modern computers use a single rhythm, we call them synchronous. Inside the computer’s microprocessor chip, a clock distribution system delivers the timing signals from the crystal oscillator to the various circuits, just as sound in air delivers the beat of a drum to soldiers to set their marching pace. Because all parts of the chip share the same rhythm, the output of any circuit from one step can serve as the input to any other circuit for the next step. The synchronization provided by the clock helps chip designers plan sequences of actions for the computer.
    The use of a central clock also creates problems. As speeds have increased, distributing the timing signals has become more and more difficult. Present day keeping the rhythm identical in all parts of a large chip requires careful design and a great deal of electrical power. Wouldn’t it be nice to have an alternative?
    Our research group at Sun Microsystems Laboratories seeks such alternatives. Along with several other groups worldwide, we are investigating ways to design computing systems in which each part can proceed at its own pace instead of depending on the rhythm of a central clock. We call such systems asynchronous. Each part of an asynchronous system may extend or shorten the timing of its steps when walking across rough terrain.
What determines the rhythms of the personal computer?
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答案A crystal oscillator determines the rhythms of the personal computer.
解析 事实细节题。第一段第二句指出，当人们提出“你的电脑有多快?”这一问题时，他们通常是指电脑内部的一个极小时钟的频率，这个极小的时钟就是晶体振荡器，它决定了整台机器所使用的基本频率。
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