首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
President Hoover’s Politics During the Great Depression At first everything seemed fine and dandy. America was enjoying one
President Hoover’s Politics During the Great Depression At first everything seemed fine and dandy. America was enjoying one
admin
2011-01-15
32
问题
President Hoover’s Politics During the Great Depression
At first everything seemed fine and dandy. America was enjoying one of the biggest economic surges in the nation’s history. However, even though America benefited from the economic boom of the so called "Roaring Twenties", the imbalance between the rich and the poor combined with the production of more and more goods and rising personal debt caused one of the biggest recessions in history. On Black Tuesday, October 29, 1929, the stock market crashed, triggering the Great Depression, which was the worst economic collapse in the history of the modem, industrial world. It spread from the United States and rippled out to the rest of the world, with banks failing and businesses going bust for over a span of a decade, leaving more than a quarter of the working force in America without jobs.
President Herbert Hoover, underestimating the seriousness of the crisis, called it "a passing incident in our national lives," and assured Americans that it would be over within two months. Hoover did not think that the federal government should offer relief to the poverty-stricken population because he firmly believed in individualism. Focusing on economic programs to help finance businesses and banks, Hoover met with resistance from business executives who preferred to lay off workers. Blamed by many for the Great Depression, Hoover was widely ridiculed.
Hoover’s economy was put to the test with the onset of the Great Depression in 1929. It was his vocal stance on non-intervention that led to Democratic criticism that Hoover was a "sitting duck" president; on the other hand, his more pro-free market opponents also denied he was a laissez-faire president and condemned him for being an interventionist. Hoover tried to restore confidence with a series of speeches but his weak speaking style hampered these efforts. The biggest problem was that his predictions of an upturn just around the comer never materialized. His promises were not delivered and he lost a lot of the public’s confidence.
Together, the government and businesses actually spent more in the first half of 1930 than the previous year; yet frightened consumers cut back their expenditures by ten percent. A severe drought ravaged the agricultural heartland beginning in the summer of 1930, while foreign banks declared bankruptcy, draining U.S. wealth and destroying world trade. The combination of these factors caused a downward spiral: as earning fell, domestic banks collapsed, and mortgages were called in. Hoover’s hold-the- line policy in wages lasted little more than a year. Unemployment soared from five million in 1930 to over eleven million in 1931, causing this sharp recession to become the Great Depression.
In 1930, Hoover reluctantly signed the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act, which raised tariffs on over 20,000 dutiable items. The Tariff, combined with the 1932 Revenue Act, which hiked taxes and fees across the board, is often blamed for deepening the economic depression, and is considered by some to be Hoover’s biggest political mistakes. Moreover, the Federal Reserve System’s tightening of the money supply is also regarded by most modem economists as a mistaken tactic, under the circumstances.
In order to cover the expenses of these government programs, Hoover agreed to one of the largest tax increases in American history. A The Revenue Act of 1932 raised taxes on the highest incomes from 25% to 63%, while the estate tax was doubled, and corporate taxes were raised by almost 15%. B Also, a "check tax" was included that placed a 2-cent tax on all bank checks. During the 1932 elections, Hoover’s opponents blasted the Republican incumbent for spending and taxing too much, increasing national debt, raising tariffs, and blocking trade, as well as placing millions on the dole of the government. C Roosevelt attacked Hoover for "reckless and extravagant" spending, and of leading "the greatest spending administration in peacetime in all of history." D Unemployment rose to 24.9% by the end of Hoover’s presidency in 1933, a year that is considered to be the depth of the Great Depression.
Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 5?
选项
A、Hoover was criticized and blamed for laws that he had to sign, because there was no other choice.
B、Tightening of the money supply may have been considered a befitting strategy if the circumstances were different.
C、Raising taxes and tariffs should have brought America out of the depression according to theories.
D、Modem economists view president Hoover as a victim, who was forced to make mistakes.
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/s2yO777K
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-13,whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.AAmericanstodaychooseamong
MorseCodeMorsecodeisbeingreplacedbyanewsatellite-basedsystemforsendingdistresscallsatsea.Itsdotsanddashesh
ClassifythefollowinginformationasreferringtoAadoptedthewritingsystemfromanothercountryBusedorganicmaterialst
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions14-26whicharebasedonReadingPassage2below.Whatifeverythinghadabarcod
TheInnovationofGroceryStoresA.Attheverybeginningofthe20thcentury,theAmericangrocerystoresofferedcomprehen
TheEvolutionaryMystery:CrocodileSurvivesA.Eventhoughcrocodileshaveexistedfor200millionyears,they’reanything
Theuniversityhasproduceda______toinformstudentsaboutthedifferentaccommodationoptionsavailable.BreconHalls
Theuniversityhasproduceda______toinformstudentsaboutthedifferentaccommodationoptionsavailable.MalvernHalls
Theuniversityhasproduceda______toinformstudentsaboutthedifferentaccommodationoptionsavailable.Thisisthebesta
Theuniversityhasproduceda______toinformstudentsaboutthedifferentaccommodationoptionsavailable.Mealsareincluded
随机试题
Whatarethespeakersplanningtoadvertise?
A.河豚毒素B.四乙基铵C.阿托品D.箭毒E.异搏定
该房地产开发公司在投标前应了解该地段控制性详细规划的内容包括()。若该房地产公司在本项目的开发经营过程中,其经济成本大于销售收入,则该房地产开发公司在本项目中()。
根据《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB50011一2010),下列哪种说法不正确?()
背景资料某水电站大坝为混凝土双曲拱坝,坝高240m,总库容58亿m3,装机容量6×55万kw,年发电量约172亿kW/h。固结灌浆施工于2004年12月开始施工,2009年3月全部完成。(1)地质情况和岩体质量分级。根据
“备案号”栏:()。“合同协议号”栏:()。
AirDefenseIdentificationZone
删除表的SQL命令是【】TABLE表名。
设已打开5个文件,文件号分别为1,2,3,4,5。要关闭所有文件,以下语句正确的是
Iwouldappreciate______itasecret.
最新回复
(
0
)