首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The American economy, whether in government or private industry, has found retirement a convenient practice for managing the lab
The American economy, whether in government or private industry, has found retirement a convenient practice for managing the lab
admin
2013-11-29
81
问题
The American economy, whether in government or private industry, has found retirement a convenient practice for managing the labor force. On the positive side, widespread retirement has meant an expansion of leisure and opportunities for self-fulfillment in later life. On the negative side, the practice of retirement entails large costs, both in funding required for pension systems and in the loss of the accumulated skills and talents of older people.
Critics of retirement as it exists today have pointed to the rigidity of retirement practices: for example, the fact that retirement is typically an all-or-nothing proposition. Would it not be better to have some form of flexible or phased retirement, in which employees gradually reduce their work hours or take longer vacations? Such an approach might enable older workers to adjust better to retirement, while permitting employers to make gradual changes instead of coping with the abrupt departure of an employee. Retirement could be radically redefined in the future.
Earlier criticism of mandatory retirement at a fixed age led to legal abolition of the practice, for the most part, in 1986. The same kind of criticism has been leveled at the practice of age discrimination in employment. The Age Discrimination in Employment Act forbids older workers from being limited or treated in any way that would harm their employment possibilities. Still, most observers admit that age discrimination in the workplace remains widespread. The negative stereotypes of older workers have caused employers to be reluctant to hire or train older people. Sometimes such discrimination against older workers is based on mistaken ideas, such as the false belief that older workers are less productive. In fact, empirical studies have not shown older workers to be less dependable in their job performance, nor are their absenteeism rate higher.
Interest in the potential productivity of older workers has stimulated the growth of industrial gerontology, a field concerned with recruitment, performance appraisal, retraining, and redesign of jobs to permit older workers to be more productive. Managing an older workforce will clearly be a challenge for the future. There is also much support for the idea of work life extension; that is adaptations of retirement roles or employment practices to enable older people to become more productive. In favor of this idea is the fact that three-quarters of employed people over 65 are in white-collar occupations in service industries, which are less physically demanding than agriculture or manufacturing jobs. As a result, it is sometimes argued, older people can remain in productive jobs now longer than in the past. In addition, some analysts point to declining numbers of young people entering the workforce, thus anticipating a labor shortage later in the 1990s. That development, if it occurred, might stimulate a need for older workers and a reversal of the trend toward early retirement.
What happened in 1986?
选项
A、Retirement stopped being practiced.
B、Age limitation in retirement was abolished.
C、Age discrimination was legally abolished.
D、Retired people were no longer entitled to pensions.
答案
B
解析
本题的四个选项中,只有B项为正确答案。这可从文中第三段的“Earlier criticism of mandatory retirement at a fixed age led to legal abolition of the practice,for the most part,in 1986.”推知。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/sFhO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Amongthemanywaysinwhichpeoplecommunicatethroughspeech,publicspeakinghasprobablyreceivedmorestudyandattracted
AllthegettingandgivingispossiblethroughanorganizationcalledFreecycle,agrassrootsmovementofpeoplewhogiveawayt
Thereareanestimatedeightmillionpeoplecurrentlythoughttobeeligibleto______incometax.
Asadevelopingcountry,wemustkeep______withtherapiddevelopmentoftheworldeconomy.
Sustainabledevelopmentisappliedtojustabouteverythingfromenergytocleanwaterandeconomicgrowth,andasaresultith
Dependingonwhetheryoubelieveinprincipleortheartofthepossible,theUnitedNations’newproposalforthefutureofWes
AndresearcherssaythatlikethoseliteraryromanticsRomeoandJuliet,theymaybeblindtotheconsequencesoftheirquestsf
Whatattractscustomers?Obviouslythequalityofaproductdoes,butvisualimages【61】agreatdeal.Itisnotonlytheimagepr
Intheabsenceofoptimism,weareleftwithnothingbutcritics,naysayers,andprophetsofdoom.Whenanationexpectsthewor
DesertificationinthearidUnitedStatseisflagrant.Groundwatersuppliesbeneathvaststretchesoflandaredroppingprecipit
随机试题
SleepDeprivationNegativeeffectsofsleepdeprivation.oncognitiveperformance—cause【T1】________—interfe
化脓性骨髓炎骨性包壳形成的组织来源是()
医务人员共同的义务和天职是
慢性再生障碍性贫血治疗错误的是
下列人员中,属于应取得中国证券业执业证书的是()。I.证券公司总部从事基金销售业务管理的人员Ⅱ.商业银行总行从事基金销售业务管理的人员Ⅲ.商业银行各级分行从事基金销售业务管理的人员Ⅳ.证券投资咨询营业网点从事基金销售业务管理的人员
个人出售自有住房并在出售后1年内按市场价格重新购房的,下列规定正确的有()。
江山东方地质公园内的“海底世界”华石林,有世界上最大的“象形石动物园”的美称。()
中国近代史上第一部诉讼法草案是()。
Accordingtothepassagethepreferencetestwasconductedinorderto______.Itissuggestedinthefirstparagraphthat____
WorkersrecentlyarrestedinfederalraidsfiledaracketeeringlawsuitaccusingWal-Martofconspiringwithcontractorsinacr
最新回复
(
0
)