首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Since the end of World War II, a broad consensus in support of global economic integration as a force for peace and prosperity h
Since the end of World War II, a broad consensus in support of global economic integration as a force for peace and prosperity h
admin
2017-12-31
79
问题
Since the end of World War II, a broad consensus in support of global economic integration as a force for peace and prosperity has been a pillar of the international order. From global trade agreements to the European Union project: from the work of the Bretton Woods institutions to the removal of pervasive capital controls: from the vast expansion in foreign direct investment to major increases in the flow of people across borders, the overall direction has been clear. Driven by domestic economic progress, by technologies such as containerized shipping and the Internet that promote integration, and by legislative changes within countries and international agreements between countries, the world has gotten smaller and more closely connected.
This broad program of global integration has been more successful than could have been hoped. We have not had a war between major powers. Global standards of living have risen faster than at any point in history. And material progress has coincided with even more rapid progress in combating hunger, empowering women, promoting literacy and extending life. A world that will have more smart phones than adults within a few years is a world in which more is possible for more people than ever before.
Yet a revolt against global integration is underway in the West. The four candidates for president of the United States all oppose the principal free-trade initiative of this period: the Trans-Pacific Partnership. Trump’s proposals to wall off Mexico, abrogate trade agreements and persecute Muslims are far more popular than he is. The Brexit movement in Britain commands substantial support and could prevail. Whenever any aspect of the E. U. project is submitted to a popular referendum, it fails. Under pressure from a large influx of refugees, the European commitment to open borders appears to be crumbling. In large part because of political constraints, the growth of the international financial institutions has not kept pace with the growth of the global economy.
One substantial part of what is behind the resistance is a lack of knowledge. Everyone who loses a job because a factory moves abroad knows it: many who lose their jobs for local reasons blame globalization. But no one thanks international trade for the fact that their paycheck buys twice as much in clothes, toys and other goods as it otherwise would. Those who succeed as exporters tend to credit their own prowess, not international agreements. So there is certainly a case for our leaders and business communities to educate people about the benefits of global integration. But at this late date, with the trends moving the wrong way, it is hard to be optimistic about such efforts.
The core of the revolt against global integration, though, is not ignorance. It is a sense— unfortunately not wholly unwarranted—that it is a project being carried out by elites for elites. They see the globalization agenda as being set by large companies that successfully play one country against another. They read the Panama Papers and conclude that globalization offers a fortunate few opportunities to avoid taxes and regulations that are not available to everyone else. And they see the kind of disintegration that accompanies global integration as local communities suffer when major employers lose out to foreign competitors. What will happen going forward? What should happen?
Elites can continue on the current path of pursuing integration projects and defending existing integration, hoping to win enough support that their efforts are not thwarted. On the evidence of the U. S. presidential campaign and the Brexit debate, this strategy may have run its course. This will likely result in a hiatus from new global integration efforts and an effort to preserve what is already in place while relying on technology and growth in the developing world to drive any further integration. The historical precedents of two world wars are hardly encouraging about unmanaged globalization succeeding with neither a strong underwriter of the system nor strong global institutions.
Much more promising is this idea: The promotion of global integration can become a bottom-up rather than a top-down project. The emphasis can shift from promoting integration to managing its consequences. This would mean a shift from international trade agreements to international harmonization agreements, whereby issues such as labor rights and environmental protection would be central. It would also mean devoting as much political capital to the trillions of dollars that escape taxation or evade regulation through cross-border capital flows as we now devote to trade agreements. And it would mean an emphasis on the challenges of middle-class parents everywhere who doubt, but still hope desperately, that their kids can have better lives than they did.
The author suggests all of the following to promote global integration EXCEPT that______.
选项
A、to turn it into a bottom-up project
B、to popularize the knowledge of benefits of globalization
C、to manage the consequences of globalization
D、to prefer global harmonization to global trade agreements
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/sMSO777K
本试题收录于:
NAETI高级口译笔试题库外语翻译证书(NAETI)分类
0
NAETI高级口译笔试
外语翻译证书(NAETI)
相关试题推荐
Theeraofdividedgovernmentbegins,inauspiciously.Willthepresidentbeabletoseethewoodforthesubpoenas?Isuspectth
Theelectionof2017sawthemincreasingtheirnumberofparliamentaryseatsinScotlandfromoneto13andmadeimpressivegain
Onissuessuchasclimatechangeandtrade,ChinahasactedmoreresponsiblethantheTrumpadministration,seekingtoupholdgl
HoiChanMarineReservehasnowallowedfishandotherspeciestoregenerate,providinganimportantsanctuaryformarinelifea
Atlastshestoppedstrugglingandlaypantingbesidethewomanforawhile,hermusclesloosening,withthewatchfulnessfellf
Thankstheirhugelypopularmobile-paymentsystems,AlipayandWeChatPay,cashhasmoreorlessvanishedfromChina’seasternc
国有商业银行在市场化转型中已经取得重大进展。新增贷款质量明显好转,存量信贷结构有所优化,机构、人员得到精简,技术与业务创新能力增强,国际化经营步伐加快,资产质量出现了实质性好转,经营效益连创历史最好水平,与国际商业银行的差距正在不断缩小。//伴随
A、TheUnitedStates.B、Britain.C、Germany.D、Ireland.C注意信号词while的用法,该结构中while引导的从句一般表述次要信息,而其主句的内容往往是全句信息的重点。
Wastingwoodisaseriousprobleminconservingtheresources,whicharedistributedunevenlyandaffectedbyothernaturalfact
A、Florencefinishedherspeechwithsomeintroductoryremarks.B、Florencefoundherselfmakingaspeechwhenthespeakerbecame
随机试题
国家行政权力的重要基础是()
下列哪项不是功血的诱因
逆行性感染导致的急性肾盂肾炎,最先受累的是
某建设项目在实施过程中发生了以下3个事件:事件1:该建设项目的业主提供了地质勘察报告,报告显示地下土质很好。承包商以此作了施工方案,拟用挖方余土做通往项目所在地道路基础的填方。由于基础开挖施工时正值雨季,开挖后土方潮湿,且易破碎,不符合道路填筑要求
我国内地江西南昌的A公司委托沿海浙江宁波的B公司从国外进口机器一台,合同规定买方对货物品质不符合合同的索赔期限为货到目的港30天内。货到宁波后,B公司立即将机器转至江西南昌交给A公司。由于A公司的厂房尚未建好,机器无法安装,4个月后,待厂房完工,机器装好,
()是党的根本组织制度。
长时间以来,英国的医生认为戴墨镜的病人更易于消沉并患上忧郁症。对因诸如心脏疼痛和消化不良等身体不适而住院的病人进行的心理测试证实了这一联系。或许觉得周围的一切使得心理上痛苦的人选择这样的墨镜去减少视觉刺激,视觉刺激被认为是令人易发怒的。不管怎么说,人们可以
Mostepisodesofabsent-mindedness—forgettingwhereyouleftsomethingorwonderingwhyyoujustenteredaroomarecausedbya
Itisverydifficulttosayjustwhencolonizationbegan.ThefirsthundredyearsafterChristopherColumbus’sjourneyofdiscov
A、Becausemanyyoungpeoplehavemovedintocomfortableapartments.B、Becausemanyoldhousesinthepoorareaofthetownaren
最新回复
(
0
)