2. 外语
  3. Shoals of fish are able to move and turn in seamless formation by following simple rules that are like those used by car drivers

Shoals of fish are able to move and turn in seamless formation by following simple rules that are like those used by car drivers

admin2012-05-04  61
问题     Shoals of fish are able to move and turn in seamless formation by following simple rules that are like those used by car drivers, researchers say.
    Some of the most【C1】______sights in nature happen when animals form【C2】______ groups and move together as if【C3】______. Earlier work has shown that fish in large groups make better decisions than【C4】______or small groups.
    Many theories have been【C5】______ about how animals might communicate in order to【C6】______this. But now it appears really simple. The researchers【C7】______groups of two, four or eight mosquito fish in a square arena for five minutes【C8】______studied the movements of individuals in each group. The【C9】______of the swimming fish were fed into software which acts like many pairs of eyes to keep【C10】______ on the direction and speed of each fish in the school and【C11】______it responds to other fish around it.
    As schools of fish rarely suffer from crashes or【C12】______, the rules they use could also【C13】______be applied to robotic systems to solve traffic problems. If a system could be【C14】______ where each car knew where each car was and they could respond to each other and communicate with each other, traffic problems【C15】______ be avoid.
    The researchers used a technique called artificial neural networks to look for【C16】______ in the data. And it turns out the【C17】______ well-organized swimming that fish in shoals【C18】______is actually caused by each fish using very simple rules to respond to its neighbors. These rules include " accelerate towards a neighbor that is far away from you" and " decelerate when a neighbor is【C19】______ in front of you". It is also found that a fish only responds to a single nearest neighbor at any one time. Those【C20】______ to be the rules people use when they are driving.
【C12】
选项 A、congestion
B、accidents
C、restraints
D、breakdown
答案A
解析 名词辨析题。句意为：由于鱼群极少遭遇相撞或拥堵现象，它们所采用的规则也就有可能用在机器系统之中，以期解决交通问题。根据空格所在句和上下文语义，此处所填的词应是交通方面的问题，再依据or之前的crashes“相撞”可以推断，所填的名词应与其不同，但同属于交通方面的具体问题，四个选项中只有congestion“拥堵”符合之前的分析，故为答案。restraints“限制”和breakdown“突破”不是交通方面的问题，因此均排除；accidents虽可算是交通中遇到的问题，但过于笼统，与crashes不能并列，故也排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/sQmK777K
0

专业英语四级

相关试题推荐
随机试题
最新回复(0)