中医起源于6000多年前的神农氏,这位著名的中国古代药王所生活的时代被认为是中医发展的萌芽阶段(embryo stage)。中医学在长期的发展过程中,逐渐形成了一整套医学原则和观点。首先,中医认为“万物人为贵”,并将“救死扶伤”视为职业道德规范。第二,

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问题   中医起源于6000多年前的神农氏,这位著名的中国古代药王所生活的时代被认为是中医发展的萌芽阶段(embryo stage)。中医学在长期的发展过程中,逐渐形成了一整套医学原则和观点。首先,中医认为“万物人为贵”,并将“救死扶伤”视为职业道德规范。第二,中医注重无病防病,强调以食补(food treatment)来延缓衰老,减少疾病。第三,中医理论认为,社会环境与自然环境相互作用、互为依存,人的身心也是一种相互作用、互为依存的关系。

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答案  Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) originated from Shennong, the famous king of medicine in ancient China who lived more than 6 000 years ago. The time Shennong lived is considered to be the embryo stage in the development of TCM. During its long process of development, TCM has gradually developed a complete set of medical principles and concepts. First, it believes that "nothing is more important than a human life" and regards "healing the sick and rescuing the dying" as its professional ethics. Second, it pays attention to the prevention of diseases, advocating the food treatment approach to defer senility and reduce diseases. Third, according to the TCM theory, the relationship between the social environment and natural environment, as well as the relationship between the human body and spirit is of mutual influence and interdependence.

解析       1.第一句在翻译时可以拆分成两句:先描述中医起源于神农氏时代,神农氏是著名的中国古代药王,生活在6000多年前;再描述神农氏所生活的时代被认为是中医发展的萌芽阶段。这样逻辑关系更加分明,避免句子过长。
      2.第三句中的“万物人为贵”和“救死扶伤”属于中国的传统习语,并没有官方翻译。考生翻译时能够准确表达出其中的意思即可。
      3.最后一句中有两个“相互作用、互为依存”,翻译时可适当调整句子结构,把“社会环境与自然环境”和“人的身心”先翻译出来,然后再译出这两对都是相互作用、互为依存的即可。此外,为避免前后重复使用相同结构,“中医理论认为”可以译为短语according to the TCM theory。
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