首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Child developmental psychologist Jean Piaget convinced us that young, undeveloped minds couldn’t handle complex concepts because
Child developmental psychologist Jean Piaget convinced us that young, undeveloped minds couldn’t handle complex concepts because
admin
2021-02-21
66
问题
Child developmental psychologist Jean Piaget convinced us that young, undeveloped minds couldn’t handle complex concepts because they simply weren’t experienced or mature enough yet. Piaget, in fact, believed that young kids could not understand cause and effect, that they couldn’t think logically, and that they also couldn’t handle abstract ideas.
But child development specialists are finding out that preschoolers without any formal education may have the capacity to understand more complex concepts than we give them credit for.
Alison Gopnik, professor of psychology at University of California Berkeley and her team devised a way to test how well young kids understand the abstract concept of multiple cause and effect—the idea that there may be more than one cause for a single effect. They pitted preschoolers around 4 years old against undergraduates. The study centered around a toy that could be turned on by placing a single blue-colored block on the toy’s tray, but could also be activated if two blocks—orange and purple—were placed on the tray.
The preschoolers were adept at figuring out that the blue blocks turned on the toy, as did the purple and orange ones, but that the purple and orange ones needed to be paired together. The undergraduates, however, had a harder time accepting the latter solution. Their previous experience in the world hampered their ability to accept the unusual rules that activated the toy.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins University found a similar effect among preschoolers when it came to math. Previous studies showed that if you present infants with eight objects over and over until they got bored, and then showed them 16, they suddenly regained interest and sensed that things changed. Even before they are taught about numbers or amounts, then, infants seem to have a grasp on quantity. "All the evidence so far leads us to believe that this is something that babies come into the world with," says Melissa Kibbe, co-author of that study. According to her research, the preschoolers had some concept of quantity, and the appropriate amount that they needed to get from a small quantity to a larger one. And there doesn’t seem to be any gender differences in this inborn ability, at least not among the girls and boys Kibbe studied.
Kibbe’s and Gopnik’s recent work may have broader implications for education, since current math curricula in schools may not be ideal for nurturing the number sense that kids are born with. "There’s an exciting movement in psychology over the past decade, as we learn that students bring certain capabilities, or inborn knowledge that we hadn’t thought they had before," says Jon Star, at the Harvard University Graduate School of Education.
Though it may be too early to translate such findings to the classroom, the results lay the groundwork for studying similar inborn skills and how they might be better understood. "The hard part is, educationally, how do you build up and upon this intuitive knowledge in a way that allows a child to capture the complexify but not hold them back." says Tina Grotzer, associate professor of education at Harvard. Tapping into a child’s still developing sense of numbers and quantities is one thing, but overloading it with too many new constructs about algebra, unknowns, and problem solving may just end up adversely affecting his learning and academic performance. "As soon as concepts get big and complex, there are all sorts of perceptual, attentional, and cognitive costs and challenges involved," she says.
[A] thinks it is hard to help a young kid to capture complex concepts.
[B] finds a method to evaluate young kids’ understanding of abstract concepts.
[C] agrees that infants are born with sense of quantity.
[D] points out that there are gender differences in kids’ inborn numerical ability.
[E] believes that young children couldn’t master complicated concepts.
[F] suggests that too big or too complex concepts will cause adverse effects on kids.
[G] feels excited about the movement in psychology.
Alison Gopnik
选项
答案
B
解析
Alison Gopnik出现在第三段和第六段,解题句在第三段。该段第一句说,Alison Gopnik和她的研究团队发明了一种方法,以此来分辨幼童到底能多好地理解复杂因果关系的抽象概念。B中的abstract concepts是文中的原词复现,finds a method与原文的devised a way同义,evaluate young kids’ understanding of...是对文中test how well young kids understand...的同义转述,故B为本题答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/t1Y4777K
0
考研英语二
相关试题推荐
Theprofessor’slecturewasso______thatsomeofthestudentsfellasleepduringtheclass.
IwasaddressingasmallgatheringinasuburbanVirginialivingroom-awomen’sgroupthathadinvitedmentojointhem.Through
RuthSimmonsjoinedGoldmanSachs’sboardasanoutsidedirectorinJanuary2000;ayearlatershebecamepresidentofBrownUni
OlympicGamesareheldeveryfouryearsatadifferentsite,inwhichathletes【1】differentnationscompeteagainsteachotherin
ManyAmericansregardthejurysystemasaconcreteexpressionofcrucialdemocraticvalues,includingtheprinciplesthatallc
Tensofthousandsof18-year-oldswillgraduatethisyearandbehandedmeaninglessdiplomas.Thesediplomaswon’tlookanydiff
Somesuffererswillquicklyberestoredtoperfecthealth,______otherswilltakealongertime.
Manypeopletaketosocialmediatosharenewsofbigevents.OnDecember1stFacebook’sboss,MarkZuckerberg,followedinthe
Manypeopletaketosocialmediatosharenewsofbigevents.OnDecember1stFacebook’sboss,MarkZuckerberg,followedinthe
Airlineallianceshavetravellersscratchingtheirheadsoverwhat’sgoingonintheskies.Somefolksviewalliancesasabless
随机试题
放疗不能控制或改善下述支气管癌的并发症是
坏死病灶有腐败菌感染,有恶臭,与健康组织无明显界限的是
42岁经产妇,带环10年,平时月经规律.最近停经40天后阴道不规则少量出血10余天,有轻微下腹痛,下面哪项诊断可能性不大
郭某应聘到天天饭店做厨师,双方于2008年1月签订了劳动合同。合同中约定试用期为1年,试用期间包食宿,不支付工资,不为郭某缴纳社会保险费用,试用期满进行考试,若考试不合格则不予录用,合格则录用为正式员工,每月工资2000元。天天饭店称由于是餐饮行业,为食品
对手反应NO(g)+CO(g)=N2(g)+CO2(g),=-373.2kJ/mol,为了提高有毒气体NO和CO的转化率,应采取的措施是()。
下列关于抵押物处理表述错误的是()。
一般而言。下列投资者中属于非常保守型的有()。
快递员:送货
在椭圆=1内嵌入最大面积的四边平行于椭圆轴的矩形,求该最大面积.
攻击者主机使用无效的IP地址,利用TCP连接的3次握手过程,使得受害主机处于开放会话的请求之中,直到连接超时。在此期间,受害主机将会连续接收这种会话请求,最终因资源耗尽而停止响应。这种攻击方式称为______。
最新回复
(
0
)