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  3. Police officers may hope that their presence in schools will help them build strong relationships with students, improving polic

Police officers may hope that their presence in schools will help them build strong relationships with students, improving polic

admin2018-03-26  45
问题    Police officers may hope that their presence in schools will help them build strong relationships with students, improving police-community relations over the long term. But achieving that goal may require rethinking law enforcement’s role in education, a new report suggests.
   Looking at federal data from the 2013 - 2014 school year, researchers at Education Week found that students in schools with at least one school resource officer(SRO)were 1.5 times more likely to be arrested than their peers in schools that did not have a police presence. The disparity is particularly stark for black students, possibly because police presence is concentrated in districts with a higher proportion of minority students. Black boys were three times more likely to be arrested at school than white boys, the report found.
   Rather than building relationships and improving outcomes, students who are arrested or referred to law enforcement can see a drop in school performance and are disproportionately more likely to get involved with the law again as adults, researchers say. Racial bias means that outcomes are particularly poor in communities of color.
   Spurred by rising fears of violent crime during the 1980s and 1990s, some schools began turning to police to increase safety on campus. With federal funding, their presence only grew. Following tragedies like the school shooting at Columbine High School in Colorado, an increasing number of parents called for security measures like metal detectors and armed officers. By 2013-2014, 44,000 "school resource officers" worked in schools on a full- or part-time basis.
   In some cases, hiring these officers has resulted in an impressive drop in incidents. But the national picture is less positive. Particularly in schools with a high proportion of minorities, the SROs are overused, taking on disciplinary functions that classroom teachers have traditionally performed, experts say.
   Arresting students, rather than having a classroom teacher discipline them, brings financial and emotional costs. An American Civil Liberties Union report found that arrested students were twice as likely to drop out of high school—and for those who appeared in court, that figure doubled.
   Compounding the problem, the cost of employing school resource officers means many schools with a police presence are less likely to have school counselors who can keep an eye on the psychological and developmental effects of arrests on children, Education Week reported. Detaining students also drains the budget of money that could be used to educate them.
   So how can police officers help ensure safety without becoming disciplinarians(纪律严明者)who grease the school-to-prison pipeline? Training is key, National Association of School Resource Officers executive director Mo Canady told Education Week. SROs should see themselves not only as members of law enforcement, but also embrace their role as educators on issues like drug prevention and as informal counselors for students, Mr. Canady said.
In the last paragraph, the author advises the SROs to______.
选项 A、work harder to ensure school safety
B、reinforce their roles as disciplinarians
C、adjust their function in education
D、care more about students’ mental health
答案C
解析 事实细节题。本题考查作者对校园辅警如何正确履行职责的建议。定位段最后一句指出，校园辅警不仅应该将自己视为执法者，还应该强化自己在毒品预防等问题上教育者的责任或是作为学生朋友的顾问身份，可见作者认为他们目前对自己的职责定位还有不足，应该注意转变角色，故答案为C)。A)“更努力地工作以保证校园安全”，作者在文中并没有提到这些警官不勤奋工作，故排除；B)“强化他们作为执法者的角色”，作者在文中提到法律强制力可能被滥用了，可见不会建议继续强化这一职责，故排除；D)“更多地关注学生的心理健康”，作者只是强调要强化教育者和朋友般的顾问身份，并没有直接提及心理健康问题，故排除。
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