首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Researchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind from the
Researchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind from the
admin
2012-06-09
42
问题
Researchers investigating brain size and mental ability say their work offers evidence that education protects the mind from the brain’s physical deterioration.
(61)
It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on mental abili-ty are different from person to person.
Interestingly, in a study of elderly men and women, those who had more education actually had more brain shrinkage.
"That may seem like bad news," said study author Dr. Edward Coffey, a professor of psychiatry and of neurology at Henry Ford Health System in Detroit. (62)
However, he explained, the finding suggests that education allows people to withstand more brain tissue loss before their mental functioning begins to break down.
The study, published in the July issue of Neurology, is the first to provide biological evidence to support a concept called the "reserve" hypothesis, according to the researchers. In recent years, investigators have developed the idea that people who are more educated have greater cognitive reserves to draw upon as the brain ages; in essence, they have more brain tissue to spare.
(63)
Examining brain scans(脑部扫描的X光片) of 320 healthy men and women aged 66 to 90, researchers found that for each year of education the subjects had, there was greater shrink age of the outer layer of the brain known as the cortex(脑皮层).
Yet on tests of cognition and memory, all participants scored in the range indicating normal.
"Everyone has some degree of brain shrinkage," Coffey said. "People lose (on average) 2. 5 percent per decade starting in adulthood. "
There is ,however ,a "remarkable range" of shrinkage among people who show no signs of mental decline, Coffey noted. Overall health, he said, accounts for some differences in brain size. Alcohol or drug use, as well as medical conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, contribute to brain tissue loss throughout adulthood.
In the absence of such medical conditions, Coffey said, education level helps explain the range of brain shrinkage exhibited among the mentally-fit elderly. The more-educated can withstand greater loss.
(64)
Coffey and colleagues gauged shrinkage of the cortex by measuring the cerebrospi-nal fluid(脑脊液) surrounding the brain. The greater the amount of fluid , the greater the cortical (脑皮层的) shrinkage.
Controlling for the health factors that contribute to brain injury, the researchers found that education was related to the severity of brain shrinkage. For each year of education from first grade on, subjects had an average of 1. 77 milliliters 11 more cerebrospinal fluid around the brain. Just how education might affect brain cells is unknown. (65)
In their report, the researchers speculated that in people with more education, certain brain structures deeper than the cortex may stay intact to compensate for cortical shrinkage.
选项
答案
研究人员在报告中推测,在接受过较多教育的人的大脑中,某些比脑皮层更深层次的结构可能完好无损,从而弥补脑皮层萎缩带来的损失。
解析
句子框架是In their report,the researchers speculated that…,certain brainstructures…may stay intact to compensate for cortical shrinkage。本句中含有一个宾语从句,宾语从句中,比较级deeper than the cortex修饰主语certain brain structure;compensate for翻译为“弥补”。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/twxd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Formanypeopletoday,readingisnolongerrelaxation.Tokeepuptheirworktheymustreadletters,reports,tradepublication
Formanypeopletoday,readingisnolongerrelaxation.Tokeepuptheirworktheymustreadletters,reports,tradepublication
About50yearsagotheideaofdisabledpeopledoingsportswasneverheardof.Butwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwere
ThetwolanguagesMaltesepeoplespeakare______
TheInternetraisesmajorissuesandchallengesforeducation,notjustinChinabutailovertheworld.Yetitsimplycannotbe
Thebiggestdangerfacingtheglobalairlineindustryisnottheeffectsofterrorism,war,SARSandeconomicdownturn.Itisth
Accordingtothepassage,whatanimalsareoftenusedbyscientiststolearnaboutman?
Themorewomenandminoritiesmaketheirwayintotheranksofmanagement,themoretheyseemtowanttotalkaboutthingsforme
TheOrganizationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment(OECD)conservativelyestimatesthat,by2005,worldwideelectronic,
Languageis,andshouldbe,alivingthing,constantlyenrichedwithnewwordsandformsofexpressions.Butthereisavitaldi
随机试题
微电极测井是在普通电位率测井的基础上发展起来的一种测井方法。()
电子传递链中与磷酸化偶联的部位是
心电图运动试验阳性是指心肌负荷增加后出现()。
反应一个测验工具的正确性是指该测验的
我国最早发明了雕版印刷术,世界上现存最早的雕版印刷品是()。
英国卖给埃及的游轮,开始并不受欢迎,法国人建的游轮卖得倒是更好些。原来法国游轮“空场”的地方多,而英国游轮房间却比法国造得大很多。英国人通过分析得出结论:在心理上,人们对外部宽窄的计较,要远远大于对房间内宽窄的需要。于是,英国人收缩了游轮上房间的面积,而把
研究人员将某种植物乳酸菌混人实验鼠的饲料,在实验鼠食用这种饲料4周后,又持续两周给其施加足以引起睡眠障碍的精神压力,然后让实验鼠在夜间活动时间段蹬转轮,测试其活动量。结果显示,摄取过该乳酸菌的实验鼠活动量下降趋势得到遏制,而没有食用含该乳酸菌饲料的对照组实
下面程序段的输出结果是______。char*s="12345";s+=2;cout<<s;
Itisrareopportunityforustolookaroundthenaturalhistorymuseumhavingaunique_______ofspecimens.
Marydidnothingbut______thewholetimeshewasthere.
最新回复
(
0
)