首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Australian Aboriginal Art Ancient art rock and bark painting sand drawings 【L31】________ decorations on weapons
Australian Aboriginal Art Ancient art rock and bark painting sand drawings 【L31】________ decorations on weapons
admin
2022-09-09
28
问题
Australian Aboriginal Art
Ancient art
rock and bark painting
sand drawings
【L31】________
decorations on weapons and tools
Cave art
protected from【L32】________
styles include dot paintings (e.g. arrows, water holes and【L33】________) and naturalistic art
main function:【L34】________
Use of ochre
Reason
readily available
soil or rock contains【L35】________
produces many colours and shades of red
artists palette found that is【L36】________old
Preparation
ochre collected
turned into a【L37】________
fluid binder, e.g. tree sap or【L38】________added
Modern art
Artists use acrylic colours and【L39】________
Paint and decorate pottery and a range of【L40】________
【L36】
We’re going to have a look today at Aboriginal art and painting, which actually dates back 60,000 years, making it one of the oldest art traditions in the world. Now, as long as indigenous people have been living in Australia, they’ve been creating different types of art. So let’s start by having a look at some examples of ancient art. It includes things like, as you can see here, rock paintings, bark paintings… even some sand drawings like this have been found.
Then there’s the whole area of body art, which is so important for ceremonial practice
, and lastly, here are some examples of decorative art on weapons and tools.
The oldest art examples today are the rock paintings because, obviously, rock is more durable than other materials and so the art has been preserved. In fact, most of this work is inside caves — largely because there,
it’s been sheltered, hasn’t been destroyed by the weather
, while the paintings on outside rock surfaces have often been washed away over the years. Now, there are enormous variations in the style of Aboriginal rock art, depending on its age and location. Dot paintings are one of the best-known visual art forms of Aboriginal culture in which a surface is covered in small dots to reveal symbols.
Typical ones include arrows like this — here’s a waterhole, and these are animal tracks
. You get to see both the abstract dot paintings and more naturalistic art... you get both in rock art of various ages. As the ancient Aborigines didn’t have a written language,
the key purpose of much of this rock art was storytelling
, which has had a great significance for younger generations.
Let’s move on to look at the materials. Er, whatever they were painting, traditionally Aboriginal people all over Australia used pigment, such as ochre, to make paint. Ochre’s very finely textured natural rock and, um, well, they used this because ochre is plentiful across most of Australia.
It’s coloured by iron oxide
, which is the mineral that makes a lot of Australian outback soil — in places such as Ayers Rock — what is known as ‘Uluru red’. Uluru being the Aboriginal name for Ayers Rock. However, depending on the exact conditions under which it formed, the shade can be anything from yellow to orange, red, purple or dark brown. Today, ochre occurs in many archaeological sites, and archaeologists at one site have discovered what appears to be
an artist’s palette of ochres, dating back 18,000 years
.
Preparing the ochre paints was time-consuming work. First, the appropriate rocks had to be found and collected.
Then the rock had to be broken up and ground into a powder
, and that had to be mixed with some sort of fluid to bind it into paint. Nowadays, the binder most commonly used is professional artist’s acrylic binder, but in the past, Aboriginal people used
things like tree sap or something similar like bush honey
. Other fluids must also have been used but wouldn’t have held paint on rock or a piece of bark for thousands of years, so sadly those paintings would have been lost.
So, how have things changed? Well, modern Aboriginal is a mixture of the old and the new. Things changed in the 1970s really when Aboriginal people from many different parts of Australia, particularly south Australia, central and northern Australia,
took up acrylic painting and began to paint on canvas
.
Taking a modern approach has had many advantages. It saves artists a great deal of time, and they can still choose to use the traditional yellowish-reddish-brownish colours if they want to. But perhaps the most important fact is that, unlike bark and rock paintings, the modern paintings are easy to sell. In fact, painting on canvas has given Aboriginal people an opportunity to showcase their art to the world and keep their ancient culture alive. Modern Aboriginal art, particularly dot painting, has taken off and started selling on a big scale internationally.
Aboriginal art can also be found on pottery and various musical instruments
like didgeridoos and clapping sticks. Together, these have become some of the most popular souvenirs in Australia. Their artists, like other artists in the world, are now able to earn a living doing something they are passionate about.
选项
答案
18,000 years
解析
题目中询问…old,故空格需填入表时间的词语。录音原文中的dating back…“回溯到”暗示其后为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/u2nD777K
本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思听力
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
考生文件夹下存在一个数据库文件“samp2.mdb”,里面已经设计好“tCourse”、“tGrade”、“tStudent”三个关联表对象和一个空表“tTemp”,试按以下要求完成设计:(1)创建一个查询,查找并显示含有不及格成绩的学生的“姓名
A、 B、 C、 D、 A认真观察图片可知图中男女正在欣赏一些画作。A选项中的admiresomepaintings最符合图片描述。B选项和D选项中虽然都出现了pictures,但图中男女并不是在挂画或者
Accordingtothespeakers,whatfunctionhastapacothplayedinthefollowingcountries?FunctionsArecreationalBpract
WhatrulesapplytotakingdifferentobjectstotheCentre?AYouMUSTtakethis.BYouCANtakethis,ifyouwish.CYou
WhatrulesapplytotakingdifferentobjectstotheCentre?AYouMUSTtakethis.BYouCANtakethis,ifyouwish.CYou
TamertonCentreBed-timeisstrictlyenforcedbecause
WhatadvicedoesDebbiegivethenursesabouthealthandsafety?
PASSAGEONE(1)Cheatinginsportisasoldassportitself.TheathletesofancientGreeceusedpotionstofortifythemsel
A、Sheisunabletoswim.B、Shedoesn’tlikeswimming.C、Shedoesn’tliketheboy.D、Shehasnotimetoswim.D
A、Thenumberofnurseshasdroppedtoarecordlow.B、Thereisagrowingshortageofmedicalpersonnel.C、Thereisdiscriminatio
随机试题
下列属于《公民道德建设实施纲要》所提出的职业道德规范的是()。
A.肛门周围脓肿B.直肠息肉C.肛裂D.血栓性外痔E.肛管癌便后滴血、剧痛()
侵蚀性葡萄胎多发生在葡萄胎排空后
一般来讲,我国的商业银行实行的是()。
按燃气管道的( )来划分,燃气管道可以被分为长距离输送管道、城市燃气管道和工业企业燃气管道。
登记结算公司按照银货对付原则全面调整结算制度时,融资融券交易交收违约的处理措施和程序相应调整。()
假设W公司2003年12月31日应收账款有2000,户顾客,注册会计师确定的抽样误差为±6万元,考虑到内部控制及抽样风险的可接受水平,注册会计师确定可信赖程度为95%(查表可得可信赖程度系数为1.96),同时注册会计师估计总体的标准离差为150元。
关于“地球日”的表述,错误的是()。
∫0+∞=___________。
一般情况下,当对关系R和S进行自然连接时,要求R和S含有一个或者多个共有的
最新回复
(
0
)