首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A Food and Drug Administration( FDA) advisory committee has concluded that a novel new treatment can greatly help rheumatoid art
A Food and Drug Administration( FDA) advisory committee has concluded that a novel new treatment can greatly help rheumatoid art
admin
2022-05-19
52
问题
A Food and Drug Administration( FDA) advisory committee has concluded that a novel new treatment can greatly help rheumatoid arthritis patients.
The panel recommended approving Enbrel for use alone in patients who haven’t responded to other drugs or in combination with methotrexate, a cancer drug that has been the main treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.
The FDA must make a final decision by early November, and the drug’s maker says it could be on the market by year’s end.
In rheumatoid arthritis, which affects 2. 1 million Americans, the immune system attacks healthy joints. A major wrongdoer in this process is a protein called "tumor killing factor", or TNF, which interacts with a special molecule, or TNF receptor, on cells’ surfaces.
To keep inflammation in check, cells normally release some receptors to mop up excess TNF, rendering it inactive. Apparently, rheumatoid arthritis patients don’t have enough free-floating TNF receptors.
Enbrel consists of genetically engineered TNF receptors. In a six-month study, 234 patients with advanced rheumatoid arthritis received one of two doses of Enbrel or a placebo (harmless substance given as if it were medicine) in twice-a-week injections. They took injections for six months. By the end, 40% of patients on the larger Enbrel dose saw symptoms, such as swelling and joint pain, cut in half. Only 5% on the placebo did that well. The main side effect was minor irritation at the injection site.
Because some TNF is needed for a normal immune response, there is at least a theoretical risk of infections or even cancer in patients who take Enbrel, so the FDA panel urged long-term safety studies.
Last week, the FDA approved Arava, an oral treatment for rheumatoid arthritis that is similar to methotrexate. While calling both Enbrel and Arava "potentially very important", Brian Butcher, vice president for research at the Arthritis Foundation, notes they have been tested in relatively few patients.
Butcher says their safety should be closely monitored once they’re widely available.
The wide use of the new drug Enbrel relies much on_________.
选项
A、justification of the new treatment
B、a new monitoring system
C、mass production of the drug
D、long-term safety studies
答案
D
解析
由第七段中“Because some TNF…SO the FDA panel urged long-term safety studies.”可知,因为一些肿瘤坏死因子对正常的免疫反应是必需的,使用恩利的患者至少在理论上会遭受感染或者甚至癌症的风险,因此,食品药品管理局专门小组敦促进行长期的安全性研究。根据最后一段“Butcher says their safety should be closely monitored once they’re widely available”可知,一旦它们被广泛使用,它们的安全性应得到严密监测。因此可推断,恩利的广泛应用取决于长期的安全性研究,故选D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/uJCd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
PeoplelivingonpartofthesouthcoastofEnglandfaceaseriousproblem.In1993,theownersofalargehotelandofseveral
Therelationoflanguageandmindhasinterestedphilosophersformanycenturies.61)TheGreeksassumedthatthestructureofl
Asisthecaseinmanycultures,thedegreetowhichaminoritygroupwasseenasdifferentfromthecharacteristicsofthedomi
ToproducetheupheavalintheUnitedStatesthatchangedandmodernizedthedomainofhighereducationfromthemid-1860stoth
61)Theincreaseininternationalbusinessandinforeigninvestmenthascreatedaneedforexecutiveswithknowledgeofforeign
WeallknowthatDNAhastheabilitytoidentifyindividualsbut,becauseitisinherited,therearealsoregionsoftheDNAstr
Manydoctorssuspectthattheremaybesomerelationshipbetweenemotionsandillness.However,theycannotfindaproof.Iti
AccordingtostudiescitedbytheNationalEatingDisordersAssociation,42percentofgirlsinfirstthroughthirdgradewantt
TheInternetraisesmajorissuesandchallengesforeducation,notjustinChinabutallovertheworld.Yetitsimplycannotbe
Onlythreestrategiesareavailableforcontrollingcancer:prevention,screeningandtreatment.Lungcancercausesmoredeaths
随机试题
欲在两个面之间建立圆整而光滑的过渡面,而又需要定义相切曲线线串,那么可以使用哪些自由形状特征来创建?
判断级数的敛散性.
在脊髓灰质炎后遗症的临床表现中,下列哪项是错误的
在双代号网络图中,为了正确地表达图中工作之间的关系,往往需要应用虚箭线。虚工作(虚线)表示工作之间的()。
比较和总结企业变革的三种基本模式,现代企业变革总是以()作为起点的。
.2012年11月,退役残疾军人老李刑满释放并恢复政治权利。当月,老李向当地民政部门申请恢复终止的抚恤金,经民政部门审查符合条件,根据《伤残抚恤管理办法》,当地民政部门应当()。
先生不知何许人也,亦不详其姓字,宅边有五柳树,因以为号焉。闲静少言,不慕荣利。好读书,不求甚解;每有会意,便欣然忘食。性嗜酒,家贫不能常得。亲旧知其如此,或置酒而招之;造饮辄尽,期在必醉。既醉而退,曾不吝情去留。环堵萧然,不蔽风日;短褐穿结,箪瓢屡空,晏如
关于我国古代刑事立法的表述,正确的有()。
关系数据模型
TheIdentificationofGoalsI.Introduction1)theimportanceofidentificationofgoalsforyourlifeandfuture2)twoquestions
最新回复
(
0
)