首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
(1)Socrates, son of. Sophroniscus, a sculptor, was philosopher of Athens, Greece. It is said that in early life he practiced his
(1)Socrates, son of. Sophroniscus, a sculptor, was philosopher of Athens, Greece. It is said that in early life he practiced his
admin
2017-06-21
38
问题
(1)Socrates, son of. Sophroniscus, a sculptor, was philosopher of Athens, Greece. It is said that in early life he practiced his father’s art. In middle life he married Xanthippe, who is legendary as a shrew, although the stories have little basis in ascertainable fact. It is not certain who were Socrates’s teachers in philosophy, but he seems to have been acquainted with the doctrines of Parmenides, Heraclitus, Anaxagoras, and the atomists. He was widely known for his intellectual powers even before he was 40, when, according to Plato’s report of Socrates’s speech in the Apology, the oracle at Delphi pronounced him the wisest man in Greece. In that speech Socrates maintained that he was puzzled by this acclaim until he discovered that, while others professed knowledge without realizing their ignorance, he at least was aware of his own ignorance.
(2)Socrates became convinced that his calling was to search for wisdom about right conduct by which he might guide the intellectual and moral improvement of the Athenians. Neglecting his own affairs, he spent his time discussing virtue, justice, and piety wherever his fellow citizens congregated. Some felt that he also neglected public duty, for he never sought public office, although he was famous for his courage in the military campaigns in which he served. In his self-appointed task as gadfly — someone annoys other people by criticizing them — to the Athenians, Socrates made numerous enemies.
(3)Aristophanes mimicked Socrates in his play The Clouds and attributed to him some of the faults of the Sophists — professional teachers of rhetoric. Although Socrates in fact baited the Sophists, his other critics seem to have held a view similar to that of Aristophanes. In 399 B.C. he was brought to trial for corrupting youth and for religious heresies. Obscure political issues surrounded the trial, but it seems that Socrates was tried also for being the friend and teacher of Alcibiades and Critias, both of whom had betrayed Athens. The trial and death of Socrates, who was given poison to drink, are described with great dramatic power in the Apology, the Crito, and the Pkaedo of Plato.
(4)Socrates’s contributions to philosophy were a new method of approaching knowledge, a conception of the soul as the seat both of normal waking ’consciousness and of moral character, and a sense of the universe as purposively mind-ordered. His method, called dialectic, consisted in examining statements by pursuing their implications, on the assumption that if a statement were true it could not lead to false consequences. The method may have been suggested by Zeno of Elea, but Socrates refined it and applied it to ethical problems.
(5)His doctrine of the soul led him to the belief that all virtues converge into one, which is the good, or knowledge of one’s true self and purposes through the course of a lifetime. Knowledge in turn depends on the nature or essence of things as they really are, for the underlying forms of things are more real than their experienced exemplifications. This conception leads to a teleological view of the world that all the forms participate in and lead to the highest form, the form of the good. Plato later e-laborated this doctrine as central to his own philosophy. Socrates’s view is often described as holding virtue and knowledge to be identical, so that no man knowingly does wrong. Since virtue is identical with knowledge, it can be taught, but not as a professional specialty as the Sophists had pretended to teach it. However, Socrates himself gave no final answer to how virtue can be learned.
Which of the following is NOT considered to be Socrates’s mission?
选项
A、Searching for wisdom about right conduct.
B、Discussing moral issues in public.
C、Serving in military campaigns.
D、Being a gadfly.
答案
C
解析
细节推断题。根据mission定位到第2段。该段提到苏格拉底的使命包括“寻求正确行为准则的智慧”“在公共场所讨论道德问题”和“成为众人的批评者”,A、B、D项与此相符,故可排除;文中虽提及他曾在军队中服役,但也提到他从不参加“公职”,可见C项并不是他的使命,故为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/ujsK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
"Artdoesnotsolveproblems,butmakesusawareoftheirexistence,"sculptorMagdalenaAbakanowiczhassaid.Artseducation,
Issuesconcerninghumanlearningareamongthecriticaltopicsineducationalpsychology,childdevelopment,andcognitivescie
Peoplelearnlanguagesallthetime,andforallkindsofreasons.Forexample,youprobablyhavevariousreasonstostudy【M1】__
Somesocialscientistshaveclaimedthatdivorceharmschildrenfortherestoftheirlivesleadingthemtoformmarriagesash
Somesocialscientistshaveclaimedthatdivorceharmschildrenfortherestoftheirlivesleadingthemtoformmarriagesash
Researchonlanguagelearningstrategiesstartedinthe1970s.Forthemostpart,theprogressincognitivepsychologyhadagre
Allsocialunitsdevelopaculture.Evenintwo-personrelationshipsaculturedevelopsintime.Infriendshipandromanticrela
Freud’smostfamouspupilisCarlGustavJung,aSwissphysician,psychiatrist,philosopherandpsychologist.SelectingJungas
Muscularmotioniscausedbythestimulateofspecificnervecellsinthebrainandspinalcord.
随机试题
Youthisnotamatteroftimebutamatterofself-improvement,bothphysicallyandmorally.Beingagoodyouth,oneshouldhave
假设你是学校图书馆管理员,用英语在广播中作一通知,告诉学生们借书的一些却则,要求人人遵守。(1)图书馆工作时间:下午3时至5时;(2)必须使用借书证借书;(3)一次只能借两本;(4)每本书可借一个月,如想借更长时间,必须续借
急性脓胸病人的最根本的治疗措施是
A、痢疾志贺菌B、福氏志贺菌C、变形杆菌D、鲍氏志贺菌E、宋内志贺菌所引起的菌痢多数症状轻,非典型病例较多者是
关于法理学,下列表述错误的是()。
下列不属于化学爆炸的是()。
民间文化的本质是自生自灭的。尤其是当下,由于现代经济高速发展,固有的城乡形态正在_______,生活方式骤变,致使民间文化遗产全面濒危,其中口头文学最易_______。填入划横线部分最恰当的一项是:
设计美术馆向来是建筑师莫大的机遇,他们会因此得到可以尽情施展最炫目华彩技法的舞台。而在梵.高美术馆,从最初设计草图的里特维尔德,到负责设计配楼的黑川纪章,再加上为他们拾遗补缺的凡.古尔,都不约而同地采取了非常低调内敛的姿态,绝无半分喧宾夺主的企图。是不是该
在预算的实际执行过程及年终的决算中,人们把()视为一种理想的财政平衡标志。
以下不属于网络安全评估内容的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)