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  3. Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers

Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers

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问题     Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured(施肥于) a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers.
    People think a great deal of them, so much that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight; so do savages; hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently-this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done—is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some ways of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And not only has it won, but, because it has won, it has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.
    That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or mutilated. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets-while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life—nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.
选项 A、most history books were written by conquerors, generals and soldiers
B、those who really helped civilization forward is not mentioned in any history book
C、conquerors, generals and soldiers should not be mentioned in history books
D、history books tells us far more about conquerors and soldiers than about those who really helped civilization forward
答案D
解析 事实细节题。首句指出，征服者们名垂史册，而为人类文明做出贡献的人却很少被提起，D项内容与原文吻合。历史书并不是征服者们所写，A项没有弄懂第一句的基本意思；B项的表述(not mentioned in any history book)过于绝对;C项说法过于绝对。
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