首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Although French, German, American and British pioneers have all been credited with the invention of cinema, the British and the
Although French, German, American and British pioneers have all been credited with the invention of cinema, the British and the
admin
2011-03-05
53
问题
Although French, German, American and British pioneers have all been credited with the invention of cinema, the British and the Germans played a relatively small role in its worldwide exploitation. It was above all the French, followed closely by the Americans, who were the most passionate exporters of the new invention, helping to start cinema in China, Japan, Latin America and Russia. In terms of artistic development it was again the French and the Americans who took the lead, though in the years before the First World War, Italy, Denmark and Russia also played a part.
In the end it was the United States that was to become, and remain, the largest single market for films. By protecting their own market and pursuing a vigorous export policy, the Americans achieved a dominant position on the world market by the start of the First World War. The centre of film-making had moved westwards, to Hollywood, and it was films from these new Hollywood studios that flooded onto the world’s film markets in the years after the First World War, and have done so ever since. Faced with total Hollywood domination, few film industries proved competitive. The Italian industry, which had pioneered the feature film with spectacular films like Quo Vadis? (1913) and Cabiria (1914), almost collapsed. In Scandinavia, the Swedish cinema had a brief period of glory, notably with powerful epic films and comedies. Even the French cinema found itself in a difficult position. In Europe, only Germany proved industrially capable, while in the new Soviet Union and in Japan, the development of the cinema took place in conditions of commercial isolation.
Hollywood took the lead artistically as well as industrially. Hollywood films appealed because they had better-constructed narratives, their special effects were more impressive, and the star system added a new dimension to screen acting. If Hollywood did not have enough of its own resources, it had a great deal of money to buy up artists and technical innovations from Europe to ensure its continued dominance over present or future competition.
From early cinema, it was only American slapstick comedy that successfully developed in both short and feature format. However, during this "Silent Film" era, animation, comedy, serials and dramatic features continued to thrive, along with factual films or documentaries, which acquired an increasing distinctiveness as the period progressed. It was also at this time that the avant-garde film first achieved commercial success, this time thanks almost exclusively to the French and the occasional German film.
Of the countries which developed and maintained distinctive national cinemas in the silent period, the most important were France, Germany and the Soviet Union. Of these, the French displayed the most continuity, in spite of the war and post-war economic uncertainties. The German cinema, relatively insignificant in the pre-war years, exploded on to the world scene after 1919. Yet even they were both overshadowed by the Soviets after the 1917 Revolution. They turned their back on the past, leaving the style of the pre-war Russian cinema to the Emigres who fled westwards to escape the Revolution.
The other countries whose cinemas changed dramatically are: Britain, which had an interesting but undistinguished history in the silent period; Italy, which had a brief moment of international fame just before the war; the Scandinavian countries, particularly Denmark, which played a role in the development of silent cinema quite out of proportion to their small population ; and Japan, where a cinema developed based primarily on traditional theatrical and, to a lesser extent, other art forms and only gradually adapted to western influence.
The Americans achieved a dominant position on the world market by the start of the First World War by ______.
选项
答案
protecting their own market and pursuing a vigorous export policy
解析
(第二段第二句明确提到By protecting their own market and pursuing a vigorous export policy, the Americans achieved a dominant position on the world market by the start of the First World War.)
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/wsyK777K
本试题收录于:
A类竞赛(研究生)题库大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)分类
0
A类竞赛(研究生)
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)
相关试题推荐
TheguysarefromTexasandCalifornia.
WrittenbyMargaretMitchell,______waspopularwithAmericanreaders.Asof2014,aHarrispollfoundittobethesecondfavou
Shehastoworkhardtokeepthehouse______andtidywiththreesmallchildren.
Thedebateoverwhetherdogsorcatsmakebetterpetswasgivenanewdimensionrecently,anddogsseemtohavecomeoutthe【C1】
CollegeofEngineering,MathematicsandPhysicalScienceHarrisonBuildingStreathamCampusUniversityofExeterExeterUKEX44
Theexhibition,entitled"WesternLandscapePaintingsfromthe16thCenturytothe19thCentury,introducedtoHongKongforth
Theexhibition,entitled"WesternLandscapePaintingsfromthe16thCenturytothe19thCentury,introducedtoHongKongforth
Asweallknow,womeninChinaarenowfreelytakingpartinworkoutsidetheirhomes.
Formanypeopletoday,readingisnolongerrelaxation.Tokeepuptheirwork,theymustreadletters,reports,tradepublication
______,explorerscouldneverhavefoundthecave.
随机试题
甲是乙公司依法设立的分公司。下列表述中,符合公司法律制度规定的是()。
马克思主义经典作家认为,实现人的全面发展的基本途径是()。
某试验室进行高速公路底基层用C-A-1水泥稳定碎石材料的组成设计,设计强度为4MPa,请依据上述条件完成下面题目。下面属于目标配合比设计技术要求的内容有()。
简支梁受分布荷载作用如图所示。支座A、B的约束力为:
甲乙两家为多年邻居,两家男主人更是多年好友,但是因为两家孩子的一点矛盾发生争斗,且愈演愈烈,有从语言冲突上升至拳脚相加的趋势。为避免矛盾纠纷进一步扩大,公安机关工作人员采取下列哪些方法较为合适?()
外包是一种战略管理模式,是指企业为维持核心竞争能力,将非核心业务委托给外部的专业公司,以降低营运成本、提高顾客满意度。离岸外包是外包的一种形式,是指企业将某项业务委托给海外的某个服务提供商或者公司在海外的子公司。根据上述定义,下列不属于外包的是:
横断设计【首都师范大学2012、2016;曲阜师范大学2011】
OurculturehascausedmostAmericanstoassumenotonlythatourlanguageisuniversalbutthatthegesturesweuseareunderst
WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECT?
NationalSpellingBeeEveryyear,thebestyoung【T1】________________fromaroundtheworld【T2】________________inWashingt
最新回复
(
0
)