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  3. Lung Cancer 1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubl

Lung Cancer 1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubl

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问题                             Lung Cancer
    1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years. It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts. There are many possible causes, but it is still controversial which are most blameworthy. Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air(smoke particles, smog, exhaust fumes), and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.
    2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and the smoking habits. Among heavy smokers—21 to 30 cigarettes per day—the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times as the rate from nonsmokers. It is expected the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect.
    3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time an X-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis. Too often, however, a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from X-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer. Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be mainrained. Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger, at least to those over 40 years of age, that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor(肿瘤)while it is small enough to be completely removed.
    4 A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma(支气管癌症), so-called because the malignancy(恶性肿瘤)originates in a bronchus. The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked, cutting off the supply of air to that lung. The lung then collapses, and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infected, with a resulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess. Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body. The only treatment that offers a possibility of cure, before secondary growths have had time to form, is to remove the lung completely . This operation is called pneumonectomy(肺切除术).
    5 Malignant tumors of the stomach, the breast, the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs, causing secondary growths.
A. Common secondary lung cancers
B. The advantages brought about by routine chest checkup
C. Relationship between mortality rate from lung cancer and smoking habits
D. Operable and inoperable lung cancers
E. The increasing death rate from lung cancer and possible causes
F. An ordinary type of lung cancer
Paragraph1______.
选项
答案E
解析 第1段第1句“The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased…”说明肺癌的死亡率在过去25年中男性增加了八倍多，女性增加一倍多。下文叙述了城市和工业区比农村的死亡率高，接着分析了可能造成这种情况的原因。所以E项“癌症死亡率增加及可能的原因”正确。故本题选E项。
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