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  3. Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture. Think of Gallileo’s 17th-century trial for his rebell

Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture. Think of Gallileo’s 17th-century trial for his rebell

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问题     Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture. Think of Gallileo’s 17th-century trial for his rebelling belief before the Catholic Church or poet William Blake’s harsh remarks against the mechanistic worldview of Isaac Newton. The schism between science and the humanities has, if anything, deepened in this century.
    Until recently, the scientific community was so powerful that it could afford to ignore its critics— but no longer. As funding for science has declined, scientists have attacked "anti-science" in several books, notably Higher Superstition, by Paul R. Gross, a biologist at the University of Virginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University; and The Demon-Haunted World, by Carl Sagan of Cornell University.
    Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as "The Flight from Science and Reason," held in New York City in 1995, and "Science in the Age of (Mis) information," which assembled last June near Buffalo.
    Anti-science clearly means different things to different people. Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and other academics who have questioned science’s objectivity. Sagan is more concerned with those who believe in ghosts, creationism and other phenomena that contradict the scientific worldview.
    A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the anti-science tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.
    Some people scorn science and long for return to a pre-technological Utopia. But surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are anti-science, as an essay in US News & World Report last May seemed to suggest.
    The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics. The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.
    Indeed, some observers fear that the anti-science epithet is in danger of becoming meaningless. "The term ’anti-science’ can lump together too many, quite different things," notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti-Science. "They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened."

Paragraphs 2 and 3 are written to________.
选项 A、discuss the cause of the decline of science’s power
B、show the author’s sympathy with scientists
C、explain the way in which science develops
D、exemplify the division of science and the humanities
答案D
解析 定位第二和第三段的主题，写作目的题类似于段落主题题。第二段强调科学家写了两本书反攻(attack)，第三段写科学的捍卫者们开了两个会议表达了他们的担忧，并没有谈及选项A中的衰落原因，也没有表达作者是否同情科学家，更没有解释科学的发展方式，因此选项A、B、C均属于无中生有，只有选项D和原文属于相同含义。另外，从选项D中的division也可以证明第一题选项C是正确选项。第二段：科学家出书反击“反科学”势力。第三段：科学捍卫者在两个会议上表达了他们的担忧。
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