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  3. A recent study published in the journal Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism has some very exciting findings in the figh

A recent study published in the journal Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism has some very exciting findings in the figh

admin2022-11-16  139
问题     A recent study published in the journal Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism has some very exciting findings in the fight against memory loss and dementia. The World Health Organization (WHO) says that around 50 million people worldwide have dementia. Currently, there’s no treatment or cure for dementia or even a way to alter its progression. That makes preventative treatments even more exciting. Thankfully, numerous new treatments are being investigated, which are at various stages of clinical trials. So it’s not all doom and gloom.
    Although there is no cure, there are several things that can be done to support and improve the lives of individuals who have dementia, including: early diagnosis in order to promote early and optimal management; optimizing physical health, cognition, activity and well-being; identifying and treating accompanying physical illness; detecting and treating challenging behavioral and psychological symptoms; providing information and long-term support to carers.
    And movement and exercise play a role in brain health. Exercise affects the brain in many ways. To start with, exercise generally increases your heart rate, which in turn pumps more oxygen to the brain. Exercise aids the release of hormones, which provide an excellent environment for the growth of new brain cells. Exercise also promotes brain plasticity by stimulating the growth of new connections between cells in many important cortical areas of the brain. Research from UCLA even demonstrated that exercise increased growth factors in the brain, which makes it easier for the brain to grow new neuronal connections.
    While researchers are still trying to determine the exact critical factors that make exercise so good for the brain, the focus seems to be narrowing in on increased blood flow to the brain, surges of growth hormones, and massive expansion of the brain’s network of blood vessels.
    Canadian researchers at McMaster University examined the impact of exercise on the brain. Their new study suggests that the intensity at which we get more movement and exercise in our lives is critical. In their research, they found that seniors who exercised using "short bursts of activity" saw an improvement of up to 30 percent in their memory performance, while participants who worked out at a steady-state, moderate level saw no improvement.
    Jennifer Heisz, the lead author of the study, quoted in Science Daily, says, "There is urgent need for interventions that reduce dementia risk in healthy older adults. This work will help to inform the public on exercise prescriptions for brain health, so they know exactly what types of exercises boost memory and keep dementia at bay."
Why does the author say exercise is beneficial to brain health?
选项 A、Because it can accelerate the metabolism rate.
B、Because it can generate new brain cells.
C、Because it can help with cellular connections in the brain.
D、Because it can narrow the blood vessels.
答案C
解析 本题考查的是锻炼对大脑健康有益的具体原因。根据题干关键信息exercise is beneficial to brain heath可以定位至文章第三段。由该段第五句可知，锻炼还能通过刺激大脑皮层许多重要区域的细胞间新连接的生长，从而提高大脑的可塑性，而第六句接着提到，锻炼可以增加大脑中的生长因子，这使得大脑更容易生长新的神经元连接。将原文信息和选项进行对比判定，选项C“有助于大脑内部的细胞连接”与原文表述一致，为正确答案。选项A“锻炼可以加速新陈代谢的速度”原文并未提及，应排除。第三段第四句是说锻炼有助于激素的释放，这为新的脑细胞的生长提供了绝佳的环境，而选项B是说运动能产生更多新的脑细胞，与段落中的细节不一致，应排除。由第四段可知，锻炼会使大脑血管网络大规模扩张，并不会让血管变窄，选项与原文相反，所以选项D也排除。
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