2. 外语
  3. For anyone who is really concerned about keeping their thoughts private there is only one reliable technology: write with a pen

For anyone who is really concerned about keeping their thoughts private there is only one reliable technology: write with a pen

admin2019-10-13  92
问题    For anyone who is really concerned about keeping their thoughts private there is only one reliable technology: write with a pen on paper, and burn what you’ve written when you’re done. The devices we now carry with us everywhere give us access to various information, but simultaneously offer vast quantities of information about us. Thus, to go online is to descend into a world as transparent as an aquarium (水族箱) that is full of sharks.
   It would be a mistake to see these problems as primarily technological, because technological solutions will work only within a legal and political context. The real threats to privacy come not from vulnerable gadgets but weak laws, careless users and feeble oversight. A cruel government would not hesitate to hack into a company’s networks at the first opportunity. And against sufficient cruelty and physical power, technology is ultimately no defense.
   Adding to this problem is the increasingly interchangeable border between state and non-state actors. When the FBI could not crack the iPhone used in shootings, it turned to an Israeli private company, which, however, has in turn been hacked, and meanwhile many of the devices designed for use by law enforcement, which can get all the information out of a captured mobile phone, can be bought freely over the Internet by any private company.
   These threats can seem very distant, but commercially motivated attacks on privacy fill the whole of the Internet, and in fact fund most of it today. Websites routinely collect as much information as they can about the users and then sell it on to data brokers for use in personally targeted advertising campaigns. Facebook has built its entire titanic empire on this trade. Even when this data is anonymized, the protection is leaky, and someone who knows everything about you except your name is in a much stronger position than one who knows your name but nothing else.
   But the real danger comes when these two kinds of loss of privacy combine so that the knowledge gained for commercial ends is used for political manipulation too. It is in the interests of advertisers to short-circuit rational thought and careful consideration, but it is even more in the interests of wicked leaders to do so. Against this we must rely on moral and intellectual defenses much more than the supposed magic of advanced technology.
According to Paragraph Four, websites collect personal information______.
选项 A、for better communication
B、for financial purposes
C、for political reasons
D、for more funding
答案B
解析 第四段第二句的大意是：网站尽力收集用户信息，然后转手卖给data brokers(数据经纪人)，用于针对个人的广告宣传。这表明网站收集个人信息是有利可图的。
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