首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
By the mid-nineteenth century, the term "icebox" had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect t
By the mid-nineteenth century, the term "icebox" had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect t
admin
2010-04-12
38
问题
By the mid-nineteenth century, the term "icebox" had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals, and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War (1860--1865), as ice was used to refrigerate fish in freight cars, it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox, a precursor (先驱) of the modem refrigerator, had been invented.
Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary. The commonsense notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation and circulation needed for an efficient icebox.
But as early as 1803, an ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been on the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of Washington, for which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their produce cool.
The word "rudimentary" (Line 3, Para. 2) is closest in meaning to______.
选项
A、growing
B、undeveloped
C、necessary
D、uninteresting
答案
B
解析
从上下文可以看出,19世纪早期,人们有关热物理学的知识十分有限,即热物理学还未得到发展。因此B项正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/xqj7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
Withoursocietyprogressingsmoothlytowardthetwenty-lustcentury,itseemsthatthestablestructureoffamilyisalsochang
A、Whenthey’reunabletocontroltheperson’sbehavior.B、Whenthecausesofthebehaviorareobvious.C、Whentheconsequenceso
CanBusinessBeCool?Whyagrowingnumberoffirmsaretakingglobalwarmingseriously.Companiessupportingenvironmen
MarkTwain,whowrotethestorywe’regoingtoread,traveledquitealotoftenbecausecircumstamces,usually【B1】______circum
A、Tohaveabigdinner.B、ToseeaJapanesefriend.C、Totryanewrestaurant.D、Tostayathome.D
Intheearlydaysoftheinternet,manypeopleworriedthataspeopleintherichworldembracednewcomputingandcommunication
Itisthedutyofallthecitizensthat______(应该保护森林,使其免受破坏和污染).
WhenIwentofftocollege,Igotonepieceofadvicefrommyfather:"Itdoesn’tmatterwhatcoursesyoutake,justfindthegr
HighwaysEarlyinthe20thcentury,mostofthestreetandroadsintheU.S.weremadeofdirt,brick,andcedarwoodblocks
Asaphysicianwhotravelsquitealot,Ispendalotoftimeonplaneslisteningforthatdreaded"Isthereadoctorunboard?"
随机试题
下列肉制品中属于腌腊制品的是________。
解决直流感性负载通断引起干扰的方法是在感性负载两端安装(B)、压敏电阻、(D)等。
A.胃阴不足B.脾胃虚寒C.痰饮中阻D.胆热犯胃E.食积内腐呕吐出苦水、黄水者,属
施工单位拒不整改或者不停止施工,工程监理单位未及时向有关主管部门报告的,逾期未改正的,责令停业整顿,并处( )的罚款。
以下关于施工质量计划内容的说法正确的是()。
如果假设检验中的P值=0.015,则说明原假设是真的概率为0.015。()[2014年中级真题]
E集团公司总部位于北京,其经营范围涉及多个领域,主要有保健品、白酒、室内设计装修和生态旅游四个业务单元。随着社会进步和经济发展,人们对自身的健康日益关注。90年代以来,全球居民的健康消费逐年攀升,对营养保健品的需求十分旺盛。在按国际标准划分的15类国际化产
学习过程中,人的精神状态和注意力变化的一般模式有()。
上网需要在计算机上安装()。
Ifyoudevelopareputationforbeingabletokeepsecretsotherswill______towardsyouwithusefulnewsandgossip.
最新回复
(
0
)