首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Prior to 1975, union efforts to organize public-sector clerical workers, most of whom are women, were somewhat limited. The fact
Prior to 1975, union efforts to organize public-sector clerical workers, most of whom are women, were somewhat limited. The fact
admin
2018-06-06
50
问题
Prior to 1975, union efforts to organize public-sector clerical workers, most of whom are women, were somewhat limited. The factors favoring unionization drives seem to have been either the presence of large numbers of workers, as in New York City, to make it worth the effort, or the concentration of small numbers in one or two locations, such as a hospital, to make it relatively easy. Receptivity to unionization on the workers’ part was also a consideration, but when there were large numbers involved or the clerical workers were the only unorganized group in a jurisdiction, the multioccupational unions would often try to organize them regardless of the workers’ initial receptivity. The strategic reasoning was based, first, on the concern that politicians and administrators might play off unionized against nonunionized workers, and, second, on the conviction that a fully unionized public work force meant power, both at the bargaining table and in the legislature. In localities where clerical workers were few in number, were scattered in several workplaces, and expressed no interest in being organized, unions more often than not ignored them in the pre-1975 period.
But since the mid-1970s, a different strategy has emerged. In 1977, 34 percent of government clerical workers were represented by a labor organization, compared with 46-percent of government professionals, 44 percent of government blue-collar workers, and 41 percent of government service workers. Since then, however, the biggest increases in public-sector unionization have been among clerical workers. Between 1977 and 1980, the number of unionized government workers in blue-collar and service occupations increased only about 1.5 percent, while in the white-collar occupations the increase was 20 percent and among clerical workers in particular, the increase was 22 percent.
What accounts for this upsurge in unionization among clerical workers? First, more women have entered the work force in the past few years, and more of them plan to remain working until retirement age. Consequently, they are probably more concerned than their predecessors were about job security and economic benefits. Also, the women’s movement has succeeded in legitimizing the economic and political activism of women on their own behalf, thereby producing a more positive attitude toward unions. The absence of any comparable increase in unionization among private-sector clerical workers, however, identifies the primary catalyst—the structural change in the multioccupational public-sector unions themselves. Over the past twenty years, the occupational distribution in these unions has been steadily shifting from predominantly blue-collar to predominantly white-collar. Because there are far more women in white-collar jobs, an increase in the proportion of female members has accompanied the occupational shift and has altered union policy-making in favor of organizing women and addressing women’s issues.
The author’s claim that a new strategy has emerged in the unionization of public sector clerical workers since the mid-1970s would be strengthened if the author______.
选项
A、described more fully the attitudes of clerical workers toward labor unions
B、compared the organizing strategies employed by private-sector unions with those of public-sector unions
C、explained why politicians and administrators sometimes oppose unionization of clerical workers
D、indicated that the number of unionized public-sector clerical workers was increasing even before the mid-1970s
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/y2SO777K
本试题收录于:
NAETI中级口译笔试题库外语翻译证书(NAETI)分类
0
NAETI中级口译笔试
外语翻译证书(NAETI)
相关试题推荐
Declininghouseprices,risingjoblayoffs,skyrocketingoilcostsandamajorcreditcrunchhavebroughtconsumerconfidenceto
Someoftheemployeesofthecompanyarejustinterestedingettingthejobdone,andgoinghomeontime,andothershavenosen
MaintainingFriendshipinAdolescenceSecondaryschoolcanbea【C1】______placeforadolescentswhodon’thaveabestfriend
Karenappliedforsomeassistancetorestructuretheirfinancesandwasrejectedonconditionoftheirincomefromthegrocerys
ThinkTwice:It’sAllRightAlegendaryfigureinmusichistory,Dylan,bornin1941,is【C1】______oneofthemostinfluentia
ThinkTwice:It’sAllRightAlegendaryfigureinmusichistory,Dylan,bornin1941,is【C1】______oneofthemostinfluentia
Theresearchersstresstheurgencyofpreservingoldvarietiesasbothdisease-resistantstrainsandonesthatwillthrivewitho
VisitorstoBritainmayfindthebestplacetosamplelocalcultureisinatraditionalpub.Butthesefriendlyhostelriescanb
A、DidyoubuyanewsweateronSunday?B、Hasn’ttheweatherbeenstrangethissummer?C、It’sbeenveryquietthissummer,hasn’t
A、Traininggiventomusictherapists.B、Howmusicpreventsdisease.C、Studiesonthebenefitsofmusic.D、Howmusicianscreatem
随机试题
初步确定中药性能理论的是
王先生,27岁,腰部被刺后即出现休克,伤口持续溢出淡红色液体,血压13.3/9.3kPa(100/70mmHg),脉搏100次/min,左上腹有触痛,但无肌紧张和反跳痛,应诊断为
安全预评价的程序中,确定安全预评价单元后,紧接着应该进行的步骤是()。
以光盘作为存储介质的情况下,如果温度超过(),不但会造成数据丢失,还会造成光盘不可修复的损坏。
下列项目中,属于记账凭证的有()。
分级基金的特点不包括()。
甲、乙签订的买卖合同约定了定金和违约金条款。甲违约,给乙造成经济损失。根据《合同法》的规定,下列各项中,乙追究甲违约责任的正确方式有()。
在下列金融工具中,不属于货币市场工具的是()。
各级人民政府文化行政主管部门、公安机关及其工作人员不得举办娱乐场所。()
Butfortherain,we______apleasedjourney.
最新回复
(
0
)