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  3. When education fails to keep pace with technology, the result is inequality. Without the skills to stay useful as innovations ar

When education fails to keep pace with technology, the result is inequality. Without the skills to stay useful as innovations ar

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问题    When education fails to keep pace with technology, the result is inequality. Without the skills to stay useful as innovations arrive, workers suffer—and if enough of them fall behind, society starts to fail apart. That fundamental insight seized reformers in the Industrial Revolution, promoting state-funded universal schooling. Later, automation in factories and offices called forth a surge in college graduates. The combination of education and innovation, spread over decades, led to a remarkable flowering of prosperity.
   Today robotics and artificial intelligence call for another education revolution. This time, however, working lives are so lengthy and so fast-changing that simply cramming more schooling in at the start is not enough. People must also be able to acquire new skills throughout their careers.
   Unfortunately, as our special report in this issue sets out, the lifelong learning that exists today mainly benefits high achievers and is therefore more likely to aggravate inequality than diminish it. If 21st-century economies are not to create a massive underclass, policymakers urgently need to work out how to help all their citizens learn while they earn. So far, their ambition has fallen pitifully short.
   The classic model of education—a burst at the start and top-ups through company training—is breaking down. One reason is the need for new, and constantly updated, skills. Manufacturing increasingly calls for brain work rather than physical work. The share of the American workforce employed in routine office jobs declined from 25. 5% to 21% between 1996 and 2015. The single, stable career has gone the way of the Rolodex.
   Pushing people into ever-higher levels of formal education at the start of their lives is not the way to cope. Just 16% of Americans think that a four-year college degree prepares students very well for a good job. Although a vocational education promises that vital first hire, those with specialized training tend to withdraw from the labour force earlier than those with general education—perhaps because they are less adaptable.
   At the same time on-the-job training is shrinking. In America and Britain it has fallen by roughly half in the past two decades. Self-employment is spreading, leaving more people to take responsibility for their own skills. Taking time out later in life to pursue a formal qualification is an option, but it costs money and most colleges are geared towards youngsters.
The author believes that in face of education revolution, workers need______.
选项 A、high goals in their careers
B、more schooling at the start
C、new skills at the beginning
D、persistent effort in their lives
答案D
解析 观点题。根据题干education revolution定位到第二段首句，workers need=people must，故本题答案来自acquire new skills throughout their careers一句。选项[A]high goals“高目标”与原文new skills“新技能”毫无关联，可以排除。选项[B]与原文more schooling at the start is not enough完全相反，故排除。选项[C]at the beginning与原文throughout their careers不符，故可以排除。选项[D]persistent effort in their lives“终生不断的努力”与acquire new skills throughout their careers“在整个职业生涯中获取新技能”接近，其中persistent effort=acquire new skills，in their lives=throughout their careers。故[D]为最佳答案。
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