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  3. When a disease of epidemic proportions rips into the populace, scientists immediately get to work, trying to locate the source o

When a disease of epidemic proportions rips into the populace, scientists immediately get to work, trying to locate the source o

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问题     When a disease of epidemic proportions rips into the populace, scientists immediately get to work, trying to locate the source of the affliction and find ways to combat it. Oftentimes, success is achieved, as medical science is able to isolate the parasite, germ or cell that causes the problem and to find ways to effectively kill or contain it. In the most serious of cases, in which the entire population of a region or country may be at grave risk, it is deemed necessary to protect the entire population through vaccination, so as to safeguard lives and ensure that the disease will not spread.
    The process of vaccination allows the patient’s body to develop immunity to the virus or disease so that, if it is encountered, one can fight it off naturally. To accomplish this, a small weak or dead strain of the disease is actually injected into the patient in a controlled environment, so that his body’s immune system can learn to fight the invader properly. Information on how to penetrate the disease’s defenses is transmitted to all elements of the patient’s immune system in a process that occurs naturally, in which genetic information is passed from cell to cell. This makes sure that, should the patient later come into contact with the real problem, his body is well equipped and trained to deal with it, having already done so before.
    There are dangers inherent in the process, however. On occasion, even the weakened version of the disease contained in the vaccine proves too much for the body to handle, resulting in the immune system succumbing, and, therefore, the patient’s death. Such is the case of the smallpox vaccine, designed to eradicate the smallpox epidemic that nearly wiped out the entire Native American population and killed massive numbers of settlers. Approximately one in 10,000 people who receives the vaccine contracts the smallpox disease from the vaccine itself and dies from it. Thus, if the entire population of the United States were to receive the Smallpox Vaccine today, 3,000 Americans would be left dead.
    Fortunately, the smallpox virus was considered eradicated in the early 1970s, ending the mandatory vaccination of all babies in America. In the event of a reintroduction of the disease, however, mandatory vaccinations may resume, resulting in more unexpected deaths from vaccination.
    The process, which is truly a blessing, may indeed hide some hidden curses.
The main purpose of the text is to______.
选项 A、convince the reader that vaccines are not as safe as many think
B、educate the reader on how vaccines are used and some of their dangers
C、educate the reader on the circumstances that would neccesitate widespread vaccinations
D、present the method by which vaccines are used through the case of the smallpox vaccine
答案B
解析 属主旨思想题。由上题的分析可知，本文的主要目的是认识接种疫苗的用途及危险。因此，选项B正确。其他选项都是文中提到的细节，部分正确。
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