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  3. The idea that music makes you smarter has received considerable attention from scholars and the media. Current interest in【C1】__

The idea that music makes you smarter has received considerable attention from scholars and the media. Current interest in【C1】__

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问题    The idea that music makes you smarter has received considerable attention from scholars and the media. Current interest in【C1】______between music and intelligence stems from two independent areas of research. One focuses on short-term effects of【C2】______listening to music. The other is on a separate【C3】______of research, which examines whether music lessons have【C4】______benefits that extend to non-musical areas of cognition. Such【C5】______could be unique to children who take music lessons for long periods of time【C6】______their experiences differ substantially from those of other children. Music lessons【C7】_______long periods of focused attention, memorization of【C8】______musical passages, learning about a variety of musical structures, and【C9】______mastery of technical skills and the conventions【C10】______the expression of emotions in performance. This【C11】______of experiences could have a positive impact on cognition, particularly during the childhood years, when brain development is highly【C12】______and sensitive to environmental influence.
   Previous findings are【C13】______with the hypothesis that music lessons promote intellectual development. For example, natural musical gifts is associated with literacy.【C14】______correlational and experimental studies【C15】______that music lessons have positive relations with verbal memory, reading ability, selective attention, and mathematics achievement.【C16】______, the simplest explanation of these【C17】______relations is that they come from a common component, such as general intelligence. Put simply, children【C18】______high IQs are more likely than other children to take music lessons. To conclude that music lessons have a causal relation with IQ that is【C19】______to music, one must rule【C20】______potentially confusing factors such as socioeconomic status, and education, and demonstrate that non-musical, extracurricular activities do not have comparable effects on IQ.
【C12】
选项 A、plastic
B、dependent
C、complex
D、touchy
答案A
解析 本题考查上下文语义。空格句指出：儿童时期的大脑发展非常______而且对环境的影响很敏感，用来解释“这些经历对孩童时期的认知有积极的影响”。plastic除了我们熟悉的“塑料，塑料的”含义外，还指“可塑的，有可塑性的”，用在文中表示“大脑发展很具可塑性”，正是“音乐经历促进认知”的原因，且与下文“容易受环境影响”相呼应。所以A项正确。dependent和complex都是大脑发展的特点，但均不能解释“音乐经历促进认知”的原因。touchy“易怒的；敏感的，棘手的”，修饰sth．时通常只作定语，如a touchy situation(敏感的局势)，不符合文中用法，故排除。
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