首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
The discovery of immune system particles that attack the AIDS virus may finally open a way to make a vaccine that could protect
The discovery of immune system particles that attack the AIDS virus may finally open a way to make a vaccine that could protect
admin
2020-01-19
128
问题
The discovery of immune system particles that attack the AIDS virus may finally open a way to make a vaccine that could protect people against the deadly and incurable infection, U.S. researchers said on Thursday.
They used new technology to troll through the blood of 1,800 people infected with the AIDS virus and identified two immune system compounds called antibodies that could neutralize the virus.
And they found a new part of the virus that the antibodies attack, offering a new way to design a vaccine, they reported in the journal Science.
"So now we may have a better chance of designing a vaccine that will elicit such broadly neutralizing antibodies, which we think are key to successful vaccine development," said Dennis Burton of The Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, California, who led the study.
"The findings themselves are an exciting advance toward the goal of an effective AIDS vaccine because now we’ve got a new, potentially better target on HIV to focus our efforts for vaccine design," added Wayne Koff of the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, or IAVI, which sponsored the study.
Since the AIDS pandemic started in the early 1980s, more than 25 million people globally have died from the virus. The World Health Organization estimates that 33 million are currently infected.
There is no cure, although a cocktail of drugs can help keep the virus under control. Efforts to make a vaccine have failed almost completely.
MUTABLE VIRUS
Part of this is because the virus mutates so much that any one person is infected with millions of different versions, each one appearing different to the immune system.
In addition, the virus infects the very immune cells that are supposed to help protect the body. And if even one virus gets past the immune defense, it appears to set up a lifelong infection. No drug has been able to eradicate it.
IAVI director Dr. Seth Berkley said the findings will not lead directly to a vaccine, but show that there are new and better ways to design one.
He said 10 percent of the patients whose blood was screened had a strong antibody response to the virus. "We have people with even more potent serum out there. We will probably see more," he said in a telephone interview.
It may also be possible to use such antibodies as therapy themselves—such as the gamma globulin used for hepatitis virus. But the eventual goal, Berkley said, is a vaccine that produces antibodies that could stop the virus from ever infecting a person in the first place.
"We haven’t been able to do that because we haven’t been able to find the right kind of response," Berkley said.
Most vaccines elicit an antibody response, priming the body to make antibodies that will recognize and attack an invader such as a bacteria or virus.
The two antibodies, called PG9 and PG16, are the first new HIV antibodies to have been identified in more than 10 years. They target a region of the spike the virus uses to infect cells, the researchers wrote.
A team at South San Francisco-based Monogram Biosciences Inc screened the blood for the ability to neutralize HIV. Theraclone Sciences used its technology to identify the antibodies involved.
选项
答案
美国研究人员周四表示,他们发现了能够攻击艾滋病病毒的免疫系统粒子,这为研制用来保护人们不再感染这种致命病毒的疫苗提供了一条新的途径。 他们利用新技术,从1 800名艾滋病病毒感染者的血液中提取两种免疫系统化合物(抗体)来抵抗病毒。 他们在《科学》杂志发文称,发现了抗体攻击的病毒新成分,从而为研发疫苗提供了新路径。 “因此,现在有更大可能研制引发这种‘广谱中和抗体’的疫苗,我们认为这是疫苗研发的关键。”加利福尼亚州拉荷亚市的斯克瑞普斯研究所的项目负责人丹尼斯.伯顿如是说。 “这些发现本身对研发有效艾滋病疫苗的目标来说是个令人振奋的进步,因为我们现在有了一个可能能够更好地应对艾滋病病毒的新目标,我们可以集中力量进行疫苗研制”,项目赞助机构——国际艾滋病疫苗行动组织的韦恩.科夫补充道。 自20世纪80年代初艾滋病流行以来,已造成全球超过2 500万人死亡。据世界卫生组织估计,目前有3 300万人感染。 目前仍无法治愈,虽然一系列组合药物可以帮助控制病毒,但疫苗研制工作几乎完全失败。 病毒变异 部分原因是很多病毒发生变异,以至于每个人感染数以百万计的不同类型的病毒,每个人的免疫系统的反应都不一样。 此外,病毒会感染所有保护机体的免疫细胞。而且,只要有一个病毒突破免疫防御,就会造成终身感染,无药可除。 该组织负责人塞斯.伯克利博士说,研究成果并不会直接产生疫苗,而是可以提示研发疫苗的新方法。 他说,十成受测患者的血液对病毒有强烈抗体反应。他在一次电话采访中说道:“有的患者拥有更强大的血清,将来这种患者可能会更多。” 也可能用此类抗体作为一种疗法——如肝炎病毒所用的伽马球蛋白。但伯克利说,最终目标是得到能够清除感染者体内的病毒并诱导抗体产生的疫苗。 “由于未发现正确的反应方式,我们尚不能做到这一点。”伯克利说道。 大多数疫苗引起的抗体反应,启动人体产生抗体,以识别和攻击侵略者(如细菌或病毒)。 这两种抗体分别被称为PG9和PGl6,是10多年来首次发现的新的艾滋病毒抗体。研究人员写道,它们针对的是病毒用来感染细胞的脉冲区域。 位于南旧金山的Monogram生物科技公司的研究团队筛选血液。寻找具备中和艾滋病病毒能力的样本,Theraclone科技利用自身技术识别其中的抗体。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/0n5a777K
本试题收录于:
翻译硕士(英语翻译基础)题库专业硕士分类
0
翻译硕士(英语翻译基础)
专业硕士
相关试题推荐
中美贸易之所以能迅速发展,根本原因在于两国经济具有极大的互补性。这种互补性,很大程度上来自两国经济资源条件、经济结构以及消费水平存在着很大的差异。中国是最大的发展中国家,市场广阔,发展迅速,劳动力成本低,但资金短缺、科技和管理相对落后。美国是最大的发达国家
1915年张裕带四款产品代表中国葡萄酒业参加了世博会。1931年张裕酿出了中国人自己的干红葡萄酒。如今,张裕在中国六大优质葡萄产区拥有17000公顷的葡萄园,提供新鲜、天然、成熟的葡萄。张裕拥有全球最先进的酿酒设备和技术,在国内六大酒庄拥有世界一流的酿酒师
BrettonWoodssystem
中国曾长期实行高度集中的计划经济,把计划看成是绝对的,束缚了生产力的发展。这场金融危机使我们看到,市场也不是万能的,一味放任自由,势必引起经济秩序的混乱和社会分配的不公,最终受到惩罚。真正的市场化改革,决不会把市场机制与国家宏观调控对立起来。既要发挥市场这
discountmarket
militarydemarcationline
AcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome
九一八事变
世界军人运动会(MilitaryWorldGames),简称“军运会”,是国际军事体育理事会(ConseilInternationalduSportMilitaire,缩略为CISM,英语名称为InternationalMilitaryS
HehadlivedillegallyintheUnitedStatesforfiveyearsafterhisvisitor’svisa______.
随机试题
决定骨盆入口平面大小的主要径线是
男性患者,出现呕吐,呕吐物为胃内容物,经检查诊断为中枢性呕吐,该患者呕吐的病因为
关于生态系统,下列表述不正确的是()。
下列属于施工安全隐患处理原则的有()。
浙江省人口最多的城市是()市。
Thesedaysitisfoundthatschoolstudentshardlyhaveanysports.Isitbecausetheyhaveno【C1】______insports?Itmaynotbe
副科长:小邓啊,今天都周三了,交给你的材料整理完了吗?小邓:还没弄完呢。副科长:明天能按时交给我吗?小邓:估计明天也弄不完,还有几个县的数据没交上来。副科长:那你去催催他们啊!小邓:催过了,他们不交,我有什么办法呀!副科
一些国家和国际组织将国际油价____________归咎为中国石油进口,最近更是提出中国能源消费责任论。在____________中国能源消费责任论时,颇有一种“你错了,你要好好检讨,你得立马改正”的教训味道。填入画横线部分最恰当的一项是:
设二随机变量(X,Y)服从二维正态分布,则随机变量U=X+Y与V=X-Y不相关的充分必要条件为().
Policefiredteargasandarrestedmorethan5,000passivelyresistingprotestorsFridayinanattempttobreakupthelargest
最新回复
(
0
)