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  3. There are different theories of Language Development. The learning perspective argues that children imitate what they see and h

There are different theories of Language Development. The learning perspective argues that children imitate what they see and h

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问题     There are different theories of Language Development. The
learning perspective argues that children imitate what they see and
hear, and what children learn from punishment and reinforcement.【S1】______
The main theorist associated with the learning perspective is B. F.
Skinner. Skinner argued that adults shape the speech of children by
reinforcing the babbling of infants that sound mostly like words. The【S2】______
nativist perspective argues that humans are biologically programming【S3】______
to gain knowledge. The main theorist associated with this perspective
is Noam Chomsky. Chomsky proposed that all humans have a
language acquisition device(LAD). The LAD contains knowledge
of grammatical rules common in all languages. The LAD also allows【S4】______
children to understand the rules of however language they are【S5】______
listening to. Chomsky also developed the concepts of
transformational grammar, surface structure, and deep structure.
Transformational grammar is grammar that transforms a sentence.
Surface structures are words that are actually written. Deep structure
is underlying message or meaning of a sentence. Interactionists argue【S6】______
that language development is both biological and social.
Interactionists argue that language learning is influenced by the
desire of children to communicate with any others. Interactionists【S7】______
argue that " children are born in a powerful brain that matures slowly【S8】______
and predisposes them to require new understandings that they are【S9】______
motivated to share with others". The main theorist associated with
interactionist theory is Lev Vygotsky. Interactionists focus on
Vygotsky’s model of collaborative learning. Collaborative learning is
the idea that conversations with younger people can help children【S10】______
both cognitively and linguistically.
【S9】
选项
答案require—acquire
解析 动词误用。该句意为“一个强大的大脑……预先让他们获得新的理解……。”这里和new understandings搭配的动词意思应该是“取得，获得”，而require的意思是“要求，需要”，故将require改为acquire。
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