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Educators are seriously concerned about the high rate of dropouts among the doctor of philosophy candidates and the consequent l

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问题     Educators are seriously concerned about the high rate of dropouts among the doctor of philosophy candidates and the consequent loss of talent to a nation in need of Ph. D. s. Some have replaced the dropouts’ loss as high as 50 percent. The extent of the loss was, however, largely a matter of expert guessing. Last week a well-rounded study was published. It was based on 22 000 questionnaires sent to former graduate students who were enrolled in 24 universities and it seemed to show many past fears to be groundless.
    The dropouts rate was found to be 31 percent, and in most cases the dropouts, while not completing the Ph. D. requirement, went on to productive work. They are not only doing well financially, but, according to the report, are not far below the income levels of those who went on to complete their doctorates.
    Discussing the study last week, Dr. Tucker said the project was initiated because of the concern frequently expressed by graduate faculties and administrators that some of the individuals who dropped out of Ph. D. programs were capable of completing the requirement for the degree. Attrition at the Ph. D. level is also thought to be a waste of precious faculty time and a drain on university resources already being used to capacity. Some people expressed the opinion that the shortage of highly trained specialists and college teachers could be reduced by persuading the dropouts to return to graduate schools to complete the Ph. D..
    "The results of our research," Dr. Tucker concluded, "did not support these opinions."
    1. Lack of motivation was the principal reason for dropping out.
    2. Most dropouts went as far in their doctoral program as was consistent with their levels of ability or their specialties.
    3. Most dropouts are now engaged in work consistent with their education and motivation.
    Nearly 75 percent of the dropouts said there was no academic reason for their decision, but those who mentioned academic reason cited failure to pass the qualifying examination, uncompleted research and failure to pass language exams. Among the single most important personal reasons identified by dropouts for non-completion of their Ph. D. ’ s program, lack of finances was marked by 19 percent.
    As an indication of how well the dropouts were doing, a chart showed 2% in humanities were receiving $20 000 and more annually while none of the Ph. D. ’ s with that background reached this figure. The Ph. D.’s income in the $7 500 to $15 000 bracket with 78% at that level against 50% for the dropouts. This may also be an indication of the fact that top salaries in the academic fields, where Ph. D. s tend to rise to the highest salaries, are still lagging behind other fields.
    As to the possibility of getting dropouts back on campus, the outlook was glum. The main condition which would have to prevail for at least 25% of the dropouts who might consider returning to graduate school would be to guarantee that they would retain their present level of income and in some cases their present job.
It can be inferred that the high rate of dropouts lies in______.
选项 A、salary for Ph.D. too low
B、academic requirement too high
C、salary for dropouts too high
D、1 000 positions
答案A
解析 推理题。题目问的是由文章可知博士生高辍学率的原因是什么?由倒数第二段最后一句可知：“这也可能表明这样一个事实：在博士能挣到最高工资的学术领域中，高工资仍然落后于其他领域的工资。”故A“博士生的工资太低”是对的。B“学术要求太高”只是某些因学术原因辍学者的强调点。C“辍学者工资太高”说法太绝对，辍学者的工资不是太高而是有一部分高于博士生。D项“1000个职位”在文中没有提到。故选A。
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