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  3. Scientists are unearthing tantalizing clues about how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep students focused and alert,

Scientists are unearthing tantalizing clues about how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep students focused and alert,

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问题     Scientists are unearthing tantalizing clues about how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep students focused and alert, and lead to relaxation and social intimacy. The results inform architectural and design decisions such as the height of ceilings, the view from windows, the shape of furniture, and the type and intensity of lighting. Such efforts are leading to cutting-edge projects such as residences for seniors with dementia in which the building itself is part of the treatment.
    In the 1950s prizewinning biologist and doctor Jonas Salk was working on a cure for polio in a dark basement laboratory in Pittsburgh. Progress was slow, so to clear his head, Salk traveled to Assisi, Italy, where he spent time in a 13th-century monastery, ambling amid its columns and cloistered courtyards. Suddenly, Salk found himself awash in new insights, including the one that would lead to his successful polio vaccine. Salk was convinced he had drawn his inspiration from the contemplative setting. He came to believe so strongly in architecture’s ability to influence the mind that he teamed up with renowned architect Louis Kahn to build the Salk Institute in La Jolla, Calif., as a scientific facility that would stimulate breakthroughs and encourage creativity.
    Architects have long intuited that the places we inhabit can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now, half a century after Salk’s inspiring excursion, behavioral scientists are giving these hunches an empirical basis. They are unearthing tantalizing clues about how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep students focused and alert, and lead to relaxation and social intimacy. Institutions such as the Academy of Neuroscience for Architecture in San Diego are encouraging interdisciplinary research into how a planned environment influences the mind, and some architecture schools are now offering classes in introductory neuroscience.
    Formal investigations into how humans interact with the built environment began in the 1950s, when several research groups analyzed how the design of hospitals, particularly psychiatric facilities, influenced patient behaviors and outcomes. In the 1960s and 1970s the field that became known as environmental psychology blossomed. The growth of the brain sciences in the late 20th century gave the field a new arsenal of technologies, tools and theories. Researchers began to consider how we can utilize the rigorous methods of neuroscience and a deeper understanding of the brain to inform how we design.
According to the passage, which of the following is most probably wrong?
选项 A、Environmental psychology’s flourish last about lOyears.
B、Brain sciences have been developing in the last century.
C、Behavioral scientists’ work will support Jonas Salk’s idea.
D、Scientists are studying hospital facilities’ influence on patients.
答案D
解析 属事实细节题。选项A出现在第四段第二句中，环境心理学的繁荣出现在20世纪60年代到70年代，故选项A不合题意。第四段第三句中提到20世纪末脑科学大发展，故选项B不合题意。选项C的内容可在第三段第二句找到，行为科学家正在为索尔克的探索提供实证依据，故不合题意。选项D犯了偷梁换柱的错误，时间上错误，这个研究是20世纪50年代进行的，而非现在，故符合题意。
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