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  3. The nation’s economic collapse jolted many New Yorkers into financial distress, driving some into poverty and dependence on food

The nation’s economic collapse jolted many New Yorkers into financial distress, driving some into poverty and dependence on food

admin2014-04-20  71
问题     The nation’s economic collapse jolted many New Yorkers into financial distress, driving some into poverty and dependence on food stamps and unemployment benefits and even altering their living arrangements between 2007 and 2009, according to census data released Tuesday that offered the first extensive measure of how the city weathered the recession.
    Although New York City has fared better than the country as a whole, recording smaller increases in poverty and smaller declines in household income, more subtle indicators, like the rise in the number of New Yorkers living in homes without kitchens, underscore the struggles confronting many.
    The Census Bureau’s 2009 American Community Survey also found that from 2007 to 2009, the income of single people in the city shrank the most among New Yorkers; the poverty rate edged up among people 15 to 64 years old; both parents were in the work force more often; home values dipped; the share of renters increased compared with owners; more renters were paying over 35 percent of their income on housing; and a smaller share said they owned two vehicles. The proportion of very rich and very poor New Yorkers rose slightly, and the gap between them remained higher in New York than in any other state, and, in Manhattan, higher than in any other county in the country.
    Earlier this year, the city said its own more sophisticated measure of poverty classified 22 percent of New Yorkers as poor in 2008, when the Census Bureau put the official figure at 17. 6 percent. Officials would not speculate on what the 2009 rate would be by the more complex measure that takes account of costs like commuting and day care and benefits like tax credits.
    "The official measure does not include much of what has been done to cushion the blow of the recession on low-income families," said Mark K. Levitan, poverty research director for the city’s Center for Economic Opportunity. " The new and expanded tax credits and the large increase in food stamp participation don’t get counted in the official measure; they will get counted in ours. "
    Joel Berg, executive director of the New York City Coalition Against Hunger, said the rising raw numbers and percentages of city residents living below the federal poverty line($ 17,600 for a family of three)and the shrinking income of many New Yorkers were "the latest proof that low-income, hungry and even middle-class New Yorkers are suffering mightily in this recession, even as the ultrarich become even wealthier. "  
According to Mark K. Levitan, the official measure of poverty seems to be______.
选项 A、less comprehensive
B、potentially misleading
C、falsely low
D、entirely wrong
答案A
解析 细节题。原文第四段提出了数据统计方面的分歧。纽约市对于贫困率的统计结果与联邦政府数据不同，并提到还有更多的因素会列人区分贫困人口的标准之中。可见贫困人口划分是比较复杂的，涉及较多因素。而Levitan提到有两项因素未被列入联邦统计的考虑范畴，但纳入了他的统计范围，可见，从他的立场上看，联邦政府的统计是不够全面的。因此，答案为[A]。四个选项中较易排除[D]，未列入几项因素就被判定为完全错误，可见说法太过偏激。[C]暗示政府刻意瞒报部分数据，而Levitan显然没有批评政府的意思。Levitan也没有提及统计数据将对经济发展或市民生活有何作用和意义，所以是否会产生误导作用并没有提及，故[B]也错误。
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