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  3. Gary: It is generally held that one can pick up a foreign language easily when under the age of eight. If you immerse a child

Gary: It is generally held that one can pick up a foreign language easily when under the age of eight. If you immerse a child

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问题    Gary:
   It is generally held that one can pick up a foreign language easily when under the age of eight. If you immerse a child(under 8)in a foreign language, then he or she will pick it up within months. When a child is under 5 , this can be a matter of weeks. This, Very simply, is because the part of the brain that learns language is still developing and that it is easy for that child to pick up and copy sounds.
   William:
   It seems that the older you get, the more rigid your brain becomes so that it is much harder to learn a new language, for example you were a teenager. I think that as a child you learn a language intuitively, just absorbing the language around. As you get older, you have to study the language more intensively and analytically, studying grammar and such.
   Arthur:
   We learn our first language not for any other reason than solving problems.(communicating is a problem, and we develop our patterns to do so), when we have "covered" that need we don’t go further, unless we have an extra need(it could be the desire of having more languages). It is fascinating how we are motivated by those needs, which combined with proper exposure makes us learn a new language.
   Joyce:
   My own theory is that language learning is very attitude or self-image dependent. Each person’ s self image governs to what extent they are willing to absorb a new language. Clearly, children before they become self-conscious are far less inhibited than young teenagers who have begun to worry what others think about them. I’ ve come across examples of self-conscious inhibition in adults when teaching pronunciation. Whereas children, who are still forming their own identity, seek to conform to their peers, adults, on the other hand, with an already firmly established self-image feel foolish when making unfamiliar tongue and lip movements.
   Mary:
   Besides self-image, children and adults experience different types of pressure from those of the same age or status. Young children are often placed in a completely foreign language environment by their parents—leaving them with little choice but to learn the new language. Peer pressure is pushing them to learn. Adults on the other hand, almost never completely separate themselves from the native culture. When it comes too hard they can easily break away from the foreign group and revert to their native language. Depending on the person’ s culture, peer pressure can push them not to learn.
   Now match the name of each person(36-40)to the appropriate statement.
   Note: there are two extra statements.
   Statements
   [A]Stress from around you affects foreign language achievement.
   [B]Learning strategies determine one’ s foreign language learning achievements.
   [C]Ideas about your qualities and abilities affect a new language learning.
   [D]Practical needs often have positive impact on a new language learning.
   [E]The older one is, the harder it will be to learn a new language.
   [F]Personality produces difference in the development of a new language learning.
   [G]Younger children enjoy an advantage in learning a foreign language.
Arthur
选项
答案D
解析 Arthur对于语言学习的观点主要体现在“We learn our first language not for any other reason than…unless we have an extra need(it could be the desire of having more languages)．”由此可知，Arthur认为我们学习第一语言不是为了别的什么原因，而是为了解决问题，当我们已经解决了这个问题，我们就不会更进一步，除非我们有额外的需求。换句话说，有学习外语的需要才会有学习外语的动力。D选项“实际需要经常对一门新的语言学习产生积极的影响。”与文章表达相符，故D为正确答案。
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