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  3. Extraordinary creative activity has been characterized as revolutionary, flying in the face of what is established and producing

Extraordinary creative activity has been characterized as revolutionary, flying in the face of what is established and producing

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问题     Extraordinary creative activity has been characterized as revolutionary, flying in the face of what is established and producing not what is acceptable but what will become acceptable. According to this formulation , highly creative activity transcends the limits of an existing form and establishes a new principle of organization. However, the idea that extraordinary creativity transcends established limits is misleading when it is applied to the arts, even though it may be valid for the sciences. Differences between highly creative art and highly creative science arise in part from a difference in their goals. For the sciences, a new theory are the goal and end result of the creative act. Innovative science produces new propositions in terms of which diverse phenomenon can be related to one another in more coherent ways. Such phenomena as a brilliant diamond or a nesting bird is relegated to the role of data, serving as the means for formulating or testing a new theory. The goal of highly creative art is very different; the phenomenon itself becomes the direct product of the creative act. Shakespeare’s Hamlet is not a tract about the behavior of indecisive princes or the uses of political power; nor is Picasso’s painting Guernica primarily a prepositional statement about the Spanish, Civil War or the evils of fascism. What highly creative artistic activity produces is not a new generalization that transcends established limits, but rather an aesthetic particular. Aesthetic particulars produced by the highly creative artist extend or exploit, in an innovative way, the limits of an existing form, rather than transcend that form.
    This is not to deny that a highly creative artist sometimes establishes a new principle of organization in the history of an artistic field; the composer Monteverdi, whoi created music of the highest aesthetic value, comes to mind. More generally, however, whether or not a composition establishes a new principle in the history of music has little bearing on its aesthetic worth. Because they embody a new principle of organization, some musical works, such as the operas of the Florentine Camerata, are of signal historical importance, but few listeners or musicologists would include these among the great works of music. On the other hand, Mozart’s The Marriage of Figaro is surely among the masterpieces of music even though its modest innovations are confined to extending existing means. It has been said of Beethoven that he toppled the rules and freed music from the stifling confines of convention. But a close study of his compositions reveals that Beethoven overturned no fundamental rules. Rather, he was an incomparable strategist who exploited limits—the rules, forms, and conventions that he inherited from predecessors such as Haydn and Mozart, Handel and Bach—in strikingly original ways.
The author considers a new theory that coherently relates diverse phenomena to one another to be the
选项 A、byproduct of an aesthetic experience
B、tool used by a scientist to discover a new particular
C、synthesis underlying a great work of art
D、result of highly creative scientific activity
答案D
解析 该题根据第一段内容命题，属于事实细节考查类题目。此类题目的正确答案一般是根据题干在原文定位的句子或句子的上下句来查找。根据题干原文定位到首段第六句，可知创新科学→新理论→不同现象关联，可见新理论是非凡科学创新的产物，故应选选项[D]。
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