首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Understanding Academic Lectures Listening to academic lectures is an important task for university students. Then, how can
Understanding Academic Lectures Listening to academic lectures is an important task for university students. Then, how can
admin
2015-05-23
80
问题
Understanding Academic Lectures
Listening to academic lectures is an important task for university
students. Then, how can we comprehend a lecture efficiently?
I. Understanding all【B1】______【B1】______
A. words
B.【B2】______【B2】______
—stress
—intonation
—【B3】______【B3】______
II. Adding information
A. lecturers: sharing information with audience
B. listeners:【B4】______【B4】______
C. sources of information
—knowledge of【B5】______【B5】______
—【B6】______of the world【B6】______
D. listening involving three steps:
—hearing
—【B7】______【B7】______
—adding
III.【B8】______【B8】______
A. reasons:
—overcome noise
—save time
B.【B9】______【B9】______
—content
—organization
IV. Evaluating while listening
A. helps to decide the【B10】______of notes【B10】______
B. helps to remember information
【B5】
Understanding Academic Lectures
Good morning, everybody. Now, at the university, you, as students, are often called on to perform many types of listening tasks, listening in a group discussion, listening to a teacher on a one-to-one basis, and listening to academic lectures. So, what I’m going to talk about today is what a listener needs to be able to do in order to comprehend an academic lecture efficiently. OK. What do you need to do in order to understand the lecture? Now, there are four things that I’m going to talk about.
(1)The first thing is that you need to be aware of all of the parts of the language that carry meaning. You all know that words carry meaning. So you’ve got to be aware of the vocabulary of the language.(2)But there are some other features. For one thing, you need to be aware of stress. Let me give you an example: I went to the bar. I went to the bar. It makes a difference. In the second example, I’m stressing the fact that it was me and not someone else. So that this means stress has some meaning. Now the next thing you might want to listen for is intonation. For example, if I say " He came. " "He came?" There are two different meanings. One is a statement: the other one is a question.(3)And another thing you need to listen for is rhythm. For instance, "Can you see, Mary?" versus "Can you see Mary?" da-da-Da-da-da, da-da-da-Da-da. Those two mean something different. In the first one, they’re talking directly to Mary while the second one means "Can you see Mary, over there?"
Now the next thing you must do when you listen is that you need to add information that the lecturer expects you to add. All lecturers assume that they share some information with their audience and that their audience does not need them to explain every word.(4/5/6)And listeners have an ability to add this information due to two sources of information, that is, one, their knowledge of a particular subject, and two, their knowledge or experience of the world. So remember, listening is not a matter of just absorbing the speaker’s words. The listener has to do more than that. The listener is not a tape recorder absorbing the speaker’s words and putting them into his or her brain.(7)Rather, listening involves hearing the speaker’s words and reinterpreting them. Adding information if necessary. So the meaning is not in the word alone. Rather, it is in the person who uses it or responds to it. So that the second dung that a listener must do: add information that the lecturer assumes that they share.
OK.(8)The third thing mat a listener needs to do, and this is to me the most important thing of all, and that’s to predict as you listen. Now let me give you two reasons why you have to predict. For one thing, if you predict, it helps you overcome noise. What do I mean by noise? Maybe there’s noise outside and you can’t hear me. Maybe you’re in the back of the room and you can’t hear all that well. Maybe the microphone doesn’t work. Maybe there’s noise inside your head. By that I mean maybe you’re thinking of something else and men all of a sudden you’ll remember, "Oh! I’ve got to listen!" By being able to predict during me lecture you can just keep listening to me lecture and not lose the idea of what’s going on. So predicting is important to help you overcome outside noise and inside noise. And another reason that predicting is important is because it saves you time. Now when you listen, you need time to think about the information, relate it to old ideas, take notes. And if you’re only keeping up with what I’m saying or what the lecturer’s saying, you have no time to do that. And I’ll bet a lot of you are having that problem right now. Because it’s so hard just to follow everything I’m saying that you don’t have time to note down ideas. So predicting saves you time. If you can guess what I’m going to say, you’re able to take notes, you are able to think, you have more time. OK?(9)And there are two types of predictions that you can make: predictions of content and predictions of organization. Let me give you an example in terms of content. If you hear the words "because he loved to cook, his favorite room was..." What would you expect? Kitchen. You can guess this because you know people cook in the kitchen. OK? And you can also predict organization. So if I was going to tell you a story, you’d expect me to tell you why the story is important. If you are setting for the story, so you have expectations of what the speaker is going to talk about and how the speaker will organize his or her words.
Now, let’s come to the last thing a listener must do: the listener must evaluate as he or she is listening, decide what’s important, what’s not, decide how something relates to something else. OK? There are again two reasons for this.(10)The first one is evaluating helps you to decide what to take notes about, what’s important to write down, what’s not important to write down. And the second reason is that evaluating helps you to keep information. Studies have shown that we retain more information if ideas are connected to one another, rather than just individually remembered. So for example, if I give you five ideas that are not related to one another, that’s much more difficult to remember than five ideas that are related. So you can see, evaluating helps you to remember information better because it connects ideas to one another.
OK, from what I’ve said so far, you can see there’s a lot involved in listening to lectures—language awareness, adding information, making predictions and evaluations. I hope these will be useful to you in lecture comprehension.
选项
答案
a particular subject
解析
细节理解题。讲话人指出,听讲座的人能够自行添加信息,主要是由于听讲座的人具备两个知识源,其中之一便是their knowledge of a particular subject,即他们对某一特定主题的知识,故a particular subject为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/BJOO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
MobyDickiswrittenby______.
SuccessPersonalityAccordingtoaGallupsurvey,anumberofqualitiesarecommonamongsuccessfulpeople.Herearefiveof
BigBreakGrowsinPopularityTalktoanyparentofastudentwhotookanadventurousgapyear(ayearbetweenschoolandun
AnApproachtoFactualWritingI.Thedemandsofdifferingnonfictiontext—Muchoftheresearchintothedevelopmentofchildre
SimonFanshawepresentsdifferentpeople’sopinionsonBritishmannersbecause______.
______,locatedinthecentreofLondon,wasbuiltbyWilliamtheConqueror.
TheproblemofacidrainoriginatedwiththeIndustrialRevolution,andithasbeengrowingeversince.Themoreaccuratescie
TheproblemofacidrainoriginatedwiththeIndustrialRevolution,andithasbeengrowingeversince.Themoreaccuratescie
Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasthe"S+V+O"structure?
三年前在南京我住的地方有一道后门,每晚我打开后门,便看见一个静寂的夜。下面是一片菜园,上面是星群密布的蓝天。星光在我们的肉眼里虽然微小,然而它使我们觉得光明无处不在。那时候我正在读一些关于天文学的书,也认得一些星星,好像它们就是我的朋友,它们常常在和我谈话
随机试题
出血坏死型胰腺炎产生休克主要与下列哪些酶有关()
患者张某,男,50岁。因反复发作性气促5年,加重1天,拟“重症哮喘,急性支气管炎”收入院。现患者自觉鼻咽干痒、胸闷、呼吸费力,咳嗽,咳少量黄色黏稠痰。体检:体温35.6℃,脉搏110次/分,呼吸26次/分,血压100/80mmHg。神志清醒,面色青紫,口唇
患者女性,24岁,孕1产0,孕41周,头位,临产18小时,宫口开大8cm,2小时产程无进展,因宫颈扩张活跃期停滞,行缩宫素静脉滴注引产,产程仍无进展,初步诊断为“子宫破裂”。关于预防子宫破裂、降低其发生率的措施,错误的是
关于过敏性紫癜。哪项是不正确的
荧光抗体的保存不正确的是
有关性格的说法不正确的是
下列中小学校教学用房门窗的设计,正确的是()
根据《中华人民共和国进出口关税条例》的规定,下列表述正确的是()。
个体工商户的简易账应建立( )。
注册会计师对项目组成员工作的指导、监督与复核的性质、时间安排和范围主要取决于下列()因素。
最新回复
(
0
)