首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Understanding Academic Lectures Listening to academic lectures is an important task for university students. Then, how can
Understanding Academic Lectures Listening to academic lectures is an important task for university students. Then, how can
admin
2015-05-23
48
问题
Understanding Academic Lectures
Listening to academic lectures is an important task for university
students. Then, how can we comprehend a lecture efficiently?
I. Understanding all【B1】______【B1】______
A. words
B.【B2】______【B2】______
—stress
—intonation
—【B3】______【B3】______
II. Adding information
A. lecturers: sharing information with audience
B. listeners:【B4】______【B4】______
C. sources of information
—knowledge of【B5】______【B5】______
—【B6】______of the world【B6】______
D. listening involving three steps:
—hearing
—【B7】______【B7】______
—adding
III.【B8】______【B8】______
A. reasons:
—overcome noise
—save time
B.【B9】______【B9】______
—content
—organization
IV. Evaluating while listening
A. helps to decide the【B10】______of notes【B10】______
B. helps to remember information
【B5】
Understanding Academic Lectures
Good morning, everybody. Now, at the university, you, as students, are often called on to perform many types of listening tasks, listening in a group discussion, listening to a teacher on a one-to-one basis, and listening to academic lectures. So, what I’m going to talk about today is what a listener needs to be able to do in order to comprehend an academic lecture efficiently. OK. What do you need to do in order to understand the lecture? Now, there are four things that I’m going to talk about.
(1)The first thing is that you need to be aware of all of the parts of the language that carry meaning. You all know that words carry meaning. So you’ve got to be aware of the vocabulary of the language.(2)But there are some other features. For one thing, you need to be aware of stress. Let me give you an example: I went to the bar. I went to the bar. It makes a difference. In the second example, I’m stressing the fact that it was me and not someone else. So that this means stress has some meaning. Now the next thing you might want to listen for is intonation. For example, if I say " He came. " "He came?" There are two different meanings. One is a statement: the other one is a question.(3)And another thing you need to listen for is rhythm. For instance, "Can you see, Mary?" versus "Can you see Mary?" da-da-Da-da-da, da-da-da-Da-da. Those two mean something different. In the first one, they’re talking directly to Mary while the second one means "Can you see Mary, over there?"
Now the next thing you must do when you listen is that you need to add information that the lecturer expects you to add. All lecturers assume that they share some information with their audience and that their audience does not need them to explain every word.(4/5/6)And listeners have an ability to add this information due to two sources of information, that is, one, their knowledge of a particular subject, and two, their knowledge or experience of the world. So remember, listening is not a matter of just absorbing the speaker’s words. The listener has to do more than that. The listener is not a tape recorder absorbing the speaker’s words and putting them into his or her brain.(7)Rather, listening involves hearing the speaker’s words and reinterpreting them. Adding information if necessary. So the meaning is not in the word alone. Rather, it is in the person who uses it or responds to it. So that the second dung that a listener must do: add information that the lecturer assumes that they share.
OK.(8)The third thing mat a listener needs to do, and this is to me the most important thing of all, and that’s to predict as you listen. Now let me give you two reasons why you have to predict. For one thing, if you predict, it helps you overcome noise. What do I mean by noise? Maybe there’s noise outside and you can’t hear me. Maybe you’re in the back of the room and you can’t hear all that well. Maybe the microphone doesn’t work. Maybe there’s noise inside your head. By that I mean maybe you’re thinking of something else and men all of a sudden you’ll remember, "Oh! I’ve got to listen!" By being able to predict during me lecture you can just keep listening to me lecture and not lose the idea of what’s going on. So predicting is important to help you overcome outside noise and inside noise. And another reason that predicting is important is because it saves you time. Now when you listen, you need time to think about the information, relate it to old ideas, take notes. And if you’re only keeping up with what I’m saying or what the lecturer’s saying, you have no time to do that. And I’ll bet a lot of you are having that problem right now. Because it’s so hard just to follow everything I’m saying that you don’t have time to note down ideas. So predicting saves you time. If you can guess what I’m going to say, you’re able to take notes, you are able to think, you have more time. OK?(9)And there are two types of predictions that you can make: predictions of content and predictions of organization. Let me give you an example in terms of content. If you hear the words "because he loved to cook, his favorite room was..." What would you expect? Kitchen. You can guess this because you know people cook in the kitchen. OK? And you can also predict organization. So if I was going to tell you a story, you’d expect me to tell you why the story is important. If you are setting for the story, so you have expectations of what the speaker is going to talk about and how the speaker will organize his or her words.
Now, let’s come to the last thing a listener must do: the listener must evaluate as he or she is listening, decide what’s important, what’s not, decide how something relates to something else. OK? There are again two reasons for this.(10)The first one is evaluating helps you to decide what to take notes about, what’s important to write down, what’s not important to write down. And the second reason is that evaluating helps you to keep information. Studies have shown that we retain more information if ideas are connected to one another, rather than just individually remembered. So for example, if I give you five ideas that are not related to one another, that’s much more difficult to remember than five ideas that are related. So you can see, evaluating helps you to remember information better because it connects ideas to one another.
OK, from what I’ve said so far, you can see there’s a lot involved in listening to lectures—language awareness, adding information, making predictions and evaluations. I hope these will be useful to you in lecture comprehension.
选项
答案
a particular subject
解析
细节理解题。讲话人指出,听讲座的人能够自行添加信息,主要是由于听讲座的人具备两个知识源,其中之一便是their knowledge of a particular subject,即他们对某一特定主题的知识,故a particular subject为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/BJOO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
ThesecondlongestandmostimportantriverinBritainis
By_______wemeanthereisnologicalconnectionbetweenmeaningsandsounds
Whichofthefollowingisacompoundword?
TheAmericanWay:FreedomTheheartoftheAmericancalendarisJuly4Americanshavecelebrat-ed-thisdateas"Independence
泰山的每个季节都有独特的魅力。春天,绿茵茵的山坡上,争奇斗艳的花朵到处可见。夏天,泰山的雷暴雨堪称奇观。秋天,枫树叶漫山遍野,蔚蓝色的河水穿流而行。冬天,雪盖群峰松披霜,景观素雅悲壮,别有一番情趣。喜逢艳阳日,极目远眺,重峦叠嶂,尽收眼帘。但遇天阴时,环顾
Thereisnotmuchtochoosebetweenmen.Theyareallahotchpotchofgreatnessandlittleness,ofvirtueandvice,ofnobility
ThenumberoftheRepresentativesfromeachAmericanstatedependsonits
TheproblemofacidrainoriginatedwiththeIndustrialRevolution,andithasbeengrowingeversince.Themoreaccuratescie
WhatisthecurrentsupportingrateofBritishpeoplefortheupcoming2012LondonOlympicGamesaccordingtoSirCraigReedie?
ThereasonthatIrantesteditsmilitaryweaponsismainlyto
随机试题
在Access2010中通过设置默认值可以防止输入无效数据。
按照腰椎间盘突出症在各椎间隙发生的概率多少,下列排列哪项是恰当的
新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的主要原因是
关于监理人未正确履行合同义务情形的说法,正确的有()。
背景某机电安装工程项目,在防腐管道施工过程中,根据施工工艺安排,在管道焊接时,项目经理部根据施工现场的实际情况,本着尽可能选择优质低耗、劳动强度低的焊接方法,决定采用电弧焊。然而,在焊接施工过程中,不慎将未焊接的管道掉落,造成了部分施工机械损坏,
背景某施工项目进展到第15周后,对前14周的工作进行统计检查,有关情况如下表所示:注:工作M、N原没有计划,统计时已经进行了施工;工作I、J虽有计划,但是并没有施工。问题简述挣值法中三参数(费用值)的代号及含义。
在征收房产税时,下列做法正确的有()。
旅行社的营业设施应当至少包括()。
物质资料的生产方式是社会存在和发展的物质基础,它体现的关系是()。
计算机能够直接识别和处理的语言是()。
最新回复
(
0
)