首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Understanding Academic Lectures Listening to academic lectures is an important task for university students. Then, how can
Understanding Academic Lectures Listening to academic lectures is an important task for university students. Then, how can
admin
2015-05-23
61
问题
Understanding Academic Lectures
Listening to academic lectures is an important task for university
students. Then, how can we comprehend a lecture efficiently?
I. Understanding all【B1】______【B1】______
A. words
B.【B2】______【B2】______
—stress
—intonation
—【B3】______【B3】______
II. Adding information
A. lecturers: sharing information with audience
B. listeners:【B4】______【B4】______
C. sources of information
—knowledge of【B5】______【B5】______
—【B6】______of the world【B6】______
D. listening involving three steps:
—hearing
—【B7】______【B7】______
—adding
III.【B8】______【B8】______
A. reasons:
—overcome noise
—save time
B.【B9】______【B9】______
—content
—organization
IV. Evaluating while listening
A. helps to decide the【B10】______of notes【B10】______
B. helps to remember information
【B5】
Understanding Academic Lectures
Good morning, everybody. Now, at the university, you, as students, are often called on to perform many types of listening tasks, listening in a group discussion, listening to a teacher on a one-to-one basis, and listening to academic lectures. So, what I’m going to talk about today is what a listener needs to be able to do in order to comprehend an academic lecture efficiently. OK. What do you need to do in order to understand the lecture? Now, there are four things that I’m going to talk about.
(1)The first thing is that you need to be aware of all of the parts of the language that carry meaning. You all know that words carry meaning. So you’ve got to be aware of the vocabulary of the language.(2)But there are some other features. For one thing, you need to be aware of stress. Let me give you an example: I went to the bar. I went to the bar. It makes a difference. In the second example, I’m stressing the fact that it was me and not someone else. So that this means stress has some meaning. Now the next thing you might want to listen for is intonation. For example, if I say " He came. " "He came?" There are two different meanings. One is a statement: the other one is a question.(3)And another thing you need to listen for is rhythm. For instance, "Can you see, Mary?" versus "Can you see Mary?" da-da-Da-da-da, da-da-da-Da-da. Those two mean something different. In the first one, they’re talking directly to Mary while the second one means "Can you see Mary, over there?"
Now the next thing you must do when you listen is that you need to add information that the lecturer expects you to add. All lecturers assume that they share some information with their audience and that their audience does not need them to explain every word.(4/5/6)And listeners have an ability to add this information due to two sources of information, that is, one, their knowledge of a particular subject, and two, their knowledge or experience of the world. So remember, listening is not a matter of just absorbing the speaker’s words. The listener has to do more than that. The listener is not a tape recorder absorbing the speaker’s words and putting them into his or her brain.(7)Rather, listening involves hearing the speaker’s words and reinterpreting them. Adding information if necessary. So the meaning is not in the word alone. Rather, it is in the person who uses it or responds to it. So that the second dung that a listener must do: add information that the lecturer assumes that they share.
OK.(8)The third thing mat a listener needs to do, and this is to me the most important thing of all, and that’s to predict as you listen. Now let me give you two reasons why you have to predict. For one thing, if you predict, it helps you overcome noise. What do I mean by noise? Maybe there’s noise outside and you can’t hear me. Maybe you’re in the back of the room and you can’t hear all that well. Maybe the microphone doesn’t work. Maybe there’s noise inside your head. By that I mean maybe you’re thinking of something else and men all of a sudden you’ll remember, "Oh! I’ve got to listen!" By being able to predict during me lecture you can just keep listening to me lecture and not lose the idea of what’s going on. So predicting is important to help you overcome outside noise and inside noise. And another reason that predicting is important is because it saves you time. Now when you listen, you need time to think about the information, relate it to old ideas, take notes. And if you’re only keeping up with what I’m saying or what the lecturer’s saying, you have no time to do that. And I’ll bet a lot of you are having that problem right now. Because it’s so hard just to follow everything I’m saying that you don’t have time to note down ideas. So predicting saves you time. If you can guess what I’m going to say, you’re able to take notes, you are able to think, you have more time. OK?(9)And there are two types of predictions that you can make: predictions of content and predictions of organization. Let me give you an example in terms of content. If you hear the words "because he loved to cook, his favorite room was..." What would you expect? Kitchen. You can guess this because you know people cook in the kitchen. OK? And you can also predict organization. So if I was going to tell you a story, you’d expect me to tell you why the story is important. If you are setting for the story, so you have expectations of what the speaker is going to talk about and how the speaker will organize his or her words.
Now, let’s come to the last thing a listener must do: the listener must evaluate as he or she is listening, decide what’s important, what’s not, decide how something relates to something else. OK? There are again two reasons for this.(10)The first one is evaluating helps you to decide what to take notes about, what’s important to write down, what’s not important to write down. And the second reason is that evaluating helps you to keep information. Studies have shown that we retain more information if ideas are connected to one another, rather than just individually remembered. So for example, if I give you five ideas that are not related to one another, that’s much more difficult to remember than five ideas that are related. So you can see, evaluating helps you to remember information better because it connects ideas to one another.
OK, from what I’ve said so far, you can see there’s a lot involved in listening to lectures—language awareness, adding information, making predictions and evaluations. I hope these will be useful to you in lecture comprehension.
选项
答案
a particular subject
解析
细节理解题。讲话人指出,听讲座的人能够自行添加信息,主要是由于听讲座的人具备两个知识源,其中之一便是their knowledge of a particular subject,即他们对某一特定主题的知识,故a particular subject为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/BJOO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
HowtoWriteaBookReviewI.ThedefinitionofabookreviewA.adescriptiveandcriticalorevaluativeaccountofabookB.a
Intheearly1450sculturalchangeinEuropefueledagrowingneedfortherapidandcheapproductionofwrittendocuments.Be
InEnglish,visbearsthemeaningof"tolookatsomething"andcanbecombinedwithaffixestoformnewwords,asinsupervise,
Whatisthefirstthingpeopleshouldrememberiftheywanttomakeagoodpresentation?
Whichis,underanycircumstances,NOTthenationalanthem(s)ofAustralia?
WhatisthecurrentsupportingrateofBritishpeoplefortheupcoming2012LondonOlympicGamesaccordingtoSirCraigReedie?
Dropinnewhomesalesismainlydueto
ThecollegewiththelongesthistoryinAmericais______.
Iwasonly8yearsoldonJuly20,1969,whenNeilArmstrong,38-year-oldcommanderofApollo11,descendedthecrampedlunarmo
讲英语的人听到别人赞扬,一般说“谢谢”,表示接受,说明自己认为对方的赞扬是诚心诚意的,所赞扬的事是值得赞扬的。因此不应“假装自卑”或“故作谦虚”。但是,对于中国人来说,听到别人赞扬时,通常要表示受之有愧,做得很不够;或者说自己的成就不过是由于侥幸,或者说是
随机试题
皮牵引的特点是
在澳大利亚5~9岁的儿童中,约12%的死亡是癌症所致,而60~64岁成人中,约25%的死亡是癌症所致。与5~9岁儿童相比,60~64岁成人癌症死亡的近似相对危险度是
A.血液滤过B.血液透析C.血浆置换D.血液灌流E.腹膜透析常用置换液为血浆的是
土地出让方式不包括:(2012年第16题)
国内A有限责任公司的注册资本为600万元,A有限责任公司股东会决议增资200万元。某外国投资者购买了A有限责任公司的增资部分,该有限责任公司变更设立为外商投资企业。并购后所设的外商投资企业的注册资本为800万元,外国投资者的出资比例为25%。()
材料:随着高考竞争的日益激烈,高考焦虑的学生也呈现出逐年增多的趋势。王某是某市重点中学高三年级的一名学生,近段时间以来一直情绪低落。每天在家闷闷不乐,不愿与人交流,睡眠不好,饭量减少,萎靡不振,上课时注意力难以集中。尽管每天学习时间很长,但学习效率低下,在
“一带一路”建设是习近平总书记在2013年提出的倡议。其核心内容不包括()。
中国近代史上三次思想解放潮流指的是()。
一项调查显示,在遇到心理问题时,近49.6%的人都会自己消化或干脆不当回事,真正会求助心理医生的只有3.7%。不少专家认为,每个人都要学会正确排解和释放压力,一旦遇到心理压力过大或情绪困扰,应该积极寻求就医渠道解决。现代都市人有着各种减压方式,比如运动、娱
以下关于DFD与IDEFO比较错误的是______。
最新回复
(
0
)