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A:李教授,我们很多观众都是国际研究领域的大一新生,对英国脱欧了解得不多。您能否先给各位介绍一下英国脱欧的背景? B: Sure. I think I need to start with the EU, an economic and political
A:李教授,我们很多观众都是国际研究领域的大一新生,对英国脱欧了解得不多。您能否先给各位介绍一下英国脱欧的背景? B: Sure. I think I need to start with the EU, an economic and political
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2022-08-12
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问题
A: Professor Li, many of the audience are freshmen of international studies and don’t know much about Brexit. So could you first give us some background information?
B:好的。我得先介绍一下欧盟,它原本是由28个欧洲国家组成的经济政治联盟。欧盟允许成员国之间的人员自由流动,国民可以选择在任意成员国生活和工作。英国于1973年加入,当时的欧盟还被称为欧洲经济共同体。但是,英国在2016年6月举行了一次公投,当时有1 740万人支持脱欧,约占总人数的52%。
A: So, the UK had been a member of the EU for more than 40 years. We all know that Europe is Britain’s most important export market and its biggest source of foreign investment, and membership in the bloc1 has helped London enhance its position as a global financial center. But why the UK still wants to leave despite of all the benefits?
B:脱欧的原因其实很复杂,很难用一两句话来概括,但是我认为本质还是经济方面的原因。欧盟的反对者认为,欧盟作为一个经济实体其实已经功能失调。欧盟未能解决自2008年以来一直存在的经济问题,反而给英国带来了额外负担。
A: The UK formally left the EU on January 31, 2020, but there is still a lot to talk about and months of negotiation to come. Both sides still need to decide what their future relationship will look like. Professor Li, what do you think needs to be agreed?
B:双方将有一个为期11个月的过渡期,作为双方的喘息空间,在此期间需要对新的自由贸易协定进行谈判。英国将在过渡期结束时离开欧盟的单一市场和关税同盟,因此新的自贸协定就很有必要,它将允许货物在欧盟范围内运输且无需检查或收取额外费用。
A: I know that during the transition period the UK will remain part of the EU’s single market and the customs union. That means no tariffs, quotas or checks will be introduced. But what will happen if the UK fails to agree on a new free trade agreement with the EU?
B:如果不能及时达成新的自由贸易协定,那么英国将面临贸易壁垒,比如销往欧盟的产品会被征收关税,这将使英国商品更昂贵,更难在欧洲出售。英国的服务业将失去目前的欧盟市场准入资格。英国人前往欧盟其他国家工作将更加困难。不管是银行家、律师,还是音乐家、厨师,几乎所有人都将受到影响。
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A:李教授,我们很多观众都是国际研究领域的大一新生,对英国脱欧了解得不多。您能否先给各位介绍一下英国脱欧的背景? B: Sure. I think I need to start with the EU, an economic and political union involving 28 European countries before. It allows free movement of people, to live and work in whichever country they choose. The UK joined in 1973 when it was known as the European Economic Community. But a public vote, known as a referendum, was held in June 2016, when 17.4 million people opted for Brexit, accounting for about 52% of the total. A:可见,英国加入欧盟已经40多年了。我们都知道欧洲是英国最重要的出口市场和最大的外资来源,而加入欧盟也帮助伦敦提升了其作为全球金融中心的地位。但是,尽管有众多益处,英国为何依然要选择离开呢? B: The reasons for Brexit are really complex and hard to summarize in one or two sentences. However, I think the fundamental lies in economy. Opponents of the EU argue that it is a dysfunctional economic entity. The EU failed to address the economic problems that had been developing since 2008 but rather brought extra burden to the UK. A:英国已于2020年1月31日正式脱欧,但仍有很多议题需要讨论,并且还要进行数月的谈判。双方仍然需要决定未来的关系走向。李教授。您认为英国及欧盟双方需要就哪些问题达成一致? B: There will be an 11-month transition period to give both sides some breathing space while a new free trade agreement is negotiated. This is needed because the UK will leave the EU’s single market and customs union at the end of the transition. A free trade agreement will allow goods to move around the EU without checks or extra charges. A:我知道,在过渡期,英国仍将继续在欧盟单一市场和关税同盟中进行贸易往来。这段时间,英国贸易不会受到关税、配额或检查的限制。但是,如果英国未能与欧盟达成新的自由贸易协定,将会发生什么? B: If a new free trade agreement cannot be agreed in time, the UK would face trade barriers like tariffs on UK goods traveling to the EU, which would make UK goods more expensive and harder to sell in Europe. And the UK service industry would lose its market access to the EU. And it would be much harder for workers to travel to the EU. This would affect everyone from bankers and lawyers, to musicians and chefs.
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