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  3. Secondhand smoke is accountable for 42,000 deaths annually to nonsmokers in the United States, including nearly 900 infants, acc

Secondhand smoke is accountable for 42,000 deaths annually to nonsmokers in the United States, including nearly 900 infants, acc

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问题     Secondhand smoke is accountable for 42,000 deaths annually to nonsmokers in the United States, including nearly 900 infants, according to a new study. Altogether, annual deaths from secondhand smoke【C1】______ nearly 600,000 years of potential life lost—an average of 14.2 years per person—and $6.6 billion in lost productivity,【C2】______ to $158,000 per death, report the researchers. The new research reveals that despite public health efforts to reduce tobacco use, secondhand smoke continues to【C3】______ a grievous toll on nonsmokers.
    "In general, fewer people are smoking and many have made lifestyle changes, but our research shows that the impacts of secondhand smoke are【C4】______ very large," said lead author Wendy Max, PhD, professor of health economics at the University of California. "The【C5】______ of information on biomarker-measured (生物指标测量 ) exposure allows us to more accurately assess the impact of secondhand smoke exposure on health and productivity. The impact is particularly great for communities of color."
    Exposure to secondhand smoke is linked to a number of【C6】______ illnesses including heart and lung disease, as well as conditions affecting newborns such as low birth weight and respiratory distress syndrome. In the research, the scientists【C7】______ the economic implications— years of potential life lost and the value of lost productivity—on different racial and ethnic groups.
    "Our study probably underestimates the true economic impact of secondhand smoke on【C8】______ ," said Max. "The toll is substantial, with communities of color having the greatest【C9】______ . Interventions need to be designed to reduce the health and economic burden of smoking on smokers and nonsmokers alike, and on particularly【C10】______ groups."
A) losses E) adhering I) fatal M) amounting
B) turbulent F) generalized J) henceforth N) vulnerable
C) nonetheless G) take K) mortality O) gauged
D) availability H) triumphs L) represent
【C2】
选项
答案M
解析 空格前的中心词是$6．6 billion这个金额，空格后的$158，000也是金额，故此处应填入分词，与to搭配，说明前后两个数额的关系。amounting与to搭配，表示在意义、价值等方面“等同，接近”，填入后逻辑合理，句子表示：二手烟造成66亿美元的生产力损失，等同于人均损失15．8万美元。adhering也可与to搭配，但意为“黏附；遵守；追随”，不符合上下文语境。
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