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  3. Most people would define optimism as being endlessly happy, with a glass that’ s perpetually half full. But that’ s exactly the

Most people would define optimism as being endlessly happy, with a glass that’ s perpetually half full. But that’ s exactly the

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问题     Most people would define optimism as being endlessly happy, with a glass that’ s perpetually half full. But that’ s exactly the kind of false cheerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn’ t recommend. "Healthy optimism means being in touch with reality," says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor. According to Ben-Shahar, realistic optimists are those who make the best of things that happen, but not those who believe everything happens for the best.
    Ben-Shahar uses three optimistic exercises. When he feels down — say, after giving a bad lecture — he grants himself permission to be human. He reminds himself that not every lecture can be a Nobel winner; some will be less effective than others. Next is reconstruction. He analyzes the weak lecture, learning lessons for the future about what works and what doesn’ t. Finally, there is perspective, which involves acknowledging that in the grand scheme of life, one lecture really doesn’ t matter.
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答案 ①多数人会把乐观定义为永远快乐，(他们)总能看到杯子里还有着半杯水。②但这正是积极心理学家所不推崇的一种虚假快乐。③“健康的乐观主义要与现实关联在一起，”哈佛大学教授Tal Ben-Shahar如是说道。④在他看来，现实的乐观主义者会把发生的事情尽力做到最好，而不是相信事事都会有最好的结果。 ②①Ben-Shahar会使用三步乐观训练法(以做到乐观)。②当他感到情绪低落时——比如说，在做了一个糟糕的演讲之后——他会宽慰自己这是人之常情。③他会提醒自己，并非每次演讲都可以赢得诺贝尔奖；总会有些演讲的效果会比其它的演讲要差。④接下来是重塑现场。⑤他会分析这次效果不佳的演讲，哪些地方可取，哪些不可取，以为将来的演讲吸取教训。⑥最后，要有这样的观念，它要求我们认识到在生命的宏伟蓝图中，一次演讲着实微不足道。
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