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  3. When someone smiles at you, you might smile back, sometimes without even realizing it. It turns out that not just our smiles,

When someone smiles at you, you might smile back, sometimes without even realizing it. It turns out that not just our smiles,

admin2017-12-07  14
问题    When someone smiles at you, you might smile back, sometimes without even realizing it.
   It turns out that not just our smiles, but all of our facial expressions could be contagious, according to a paper recently published in the journal Trends in Cognitive Sciences.
   "We tend to mimic (模仿) the smiles or frowns of others because it helps us better understand what other people are feeling, allowing us to respond accordingly," explained Adrienne Wood, PhD, of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the lead author of the paper.
   In order to find out how exactly we mimic others’ facial expressions in daily life, researchers reviewed more than 120 studies. They found that the "sensory motor simulation model" in the brain might be the cause of the mimicry.
   The model shows that when people see a certain expression, be it happy or sad, they instantly "try it out". In doing so, their brains find the previous memories of the same facial expressions being made and remind them of their feelings then. In this way, they can act in the proper way to others according to their own emotional reaction. But Wood noted that this process happens "below your awareness" and "within a few hundred milliseconds."
   Sometimes the brain recreates the expression without the facial muscles actually making it. For example, rather than giving a full smile, sometimes we only turn up the comers of our months. Despite this, our understanding of others’ emotions isn’ t being reduced.
   Figuring out others’ emotions by facial mimicry is one of our social tasks. But it’s not easy for everyone. According to the paper, people with certain motor diseases, like strokes or facial paralysis (面瘫), can have difficulty sharing other people’s emotions. The door to people’s feelings has been partially closed.
   "Facial mimicry certainly plays some role, and perhaps a key role, in understanding other people’s emotional states," said Kevin Ochsner, PhD, a neurologist (神经学家) from Columbia University. However, he also noted that facial expressions may sometimes not give clear clues, so facial mimicry may not be enough to fully understand the emotional state of a person in every condition.
What would be the best title for the passage?
选项 A、Uncovering Facial Mimicry
B、People’ s Emotional States
C、Process of Emotional Reactions
D、Sharing Facial Expressions
答案A
解析 主旨题。通读全文可知本文主要讲了面部表情模仿(facial mimicry)的原理及其功能与局限性。因此A项最准确。B项“人们的情感状态”太宽泛，C项“情感反应的过程”过于具体，D项“共享面部表情”偏离主题。
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