首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Age Structures in Mexico and Sweden Age structure refers to the percentage of the population in different age 【1】______Mexico’
Age Structures in Mexico and Sweden Age structure refers to the percentage of the population in different age 【1】______Mexico’
admin
2011-02-11
48
问题
Age Structures in Mexico and Sweden
Age structure refers to the percentage of the population in different age
【1】______Mexico’s age structure is quite different from Sweden’s in 【1】______
that the former is like a 【2】______with a wider base. In Sweden, the age 【2】______
structure is shaped like a rectangle, which results from a(n)【3】______ 【3】______
birth rate and low death rate in early and middle age. In Mexico, the
population is expanding rapidly. In Sweden, the population is stable in size
with a(n)【4】______distribution. 【4】______
The Effects of Different Age Structures..
—Age structures affects population growth:
a)A country with a larger percentage of people at the bottom of the
pyramid will have a 【5】______population growth rate. 【5】______
b)a larger proportion of women of 【6】______age results in a faster 【6】______
population growth.
—Age structure affects 【7】______: 【7】______
1)a larger percentage of people of 【8】______, age means more wealth 【8】______
and higher standard of living.
2)a larger proportion of children is responsible for more expenditure on
【9】______to achieve the same standards. 【9】______
3)the 【10】______rate is likely to be higher for jobs will have to be 【10】______
found for a larger number of graduates.
【1】
I want to talk today about the way in which a country’s population is structured into age groups. And in particular, I shall discuss two aspects of age structure--first, different age structures in different countries; and second, the effects of different age structures.
But first, what do I mean by this term "age structure"? Perhaps these graphs will help. They show the age structures of two countries--Mexico and Sweden. The left-hand side of each graph represents males, and the right-hand side represents females. The horizontal axis indicates the percentage of the population in different age groups. And the vertical axis indicates age. As you can see, Mexico’s age structure is very different from Sweden’s. Mexico’s is shaped like a pyramid, with a very wide base. In Mexico, large families are common; children% death rates are also very much lower than they used m be, and so the result is a rapidly expanding population.
In Sweden, on the other hand, the age groups are much more evenly distributed. Sweden’ s age structure shows a society that has been industrialized for a long time. A constant birth rate and a low death rate in early and middle age result in this almost rectangular shape that tapers off at the top as people die of old age. In other words, Sweden’s population is stable in size.
So much for age structures themselves. Now, what about the effects of different age structures? Well, we know that women have children when they are between the ages of about 15 and 45. And it is generally true that the larger the proportion of women of child-bearing age, the faster the population growth. Let’s consider two imaginary countries—Sunnary and Rainland. Both countries have 100,000 people. But as you can see from the age structures, in Sunnary there are 45,000 people between 15 and 45—in other words, about 22,500 women of child-bearing age. But in Rainland, there are 55,000 people between 15 and 45—about 27,500 women of child-bearing age. Suppose, in one year, one in every 10 women has a child, and one in every 10 people over 60 dies. We then have this situation: births in Sunnary are 2,250, compared with 2,750 in Rainland. Deaths in Sunnary are 1000 compared with 500 in Rainland. As a result, the population of Sunnary increases by 1,250. But Rainhnd’s population increases by 2,250. This situation will not go on forever, of course, bdcause eventually there will be the same proportion of old people in both countries. But by that time, Rainland’s population will be much, much larger. The point I am making, then, is that age structure affects population growth: a country with a larger proportion of people at the bottom of the pyramid will have a higher population growth rate.
Age structure also has very important economic effects. I’ll mention just three effects as examples. In Mexico, the population between the ages of 15 and 64 makes up 54% of the total popuhtion. These 54% are the people able to work and so produce the country% wealth and standard of living. But in Sweden this 15-64 age group comprises 67%. Yes, 67% of the population. So in Sweden, a larger proportion of the population are of working age.
A second economic effect of age structures is on education. We can see from the graph that Mexico has roughly double the proportion of children aged 5-14 that Sweden has. It’s clear that a country like Mexico, then, with a larger proportion of children, will have to spend a larger proportion of its national income on education—schools, teachers, books, etc.--to achieve the same educational Standards.
And a third economic effect is that jobs will have to be found for these children when they leave school. This is more difficult for a country with a large proportion of children, so there is likely to be a higher unemployment rate.
I hope these examples, then, have illustrated what is meant by the term "age structure", and have shown some of the effects of different age structures.
选项
答案
groups
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/KceO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Humanmigration:thetermisvague.Whatpeopleusuallythinkofisthepermanentmovementofpeoplefromonehometoanother.M
1Manypeopleseemtothinkthatsciencefictionistypifiedbythecoversofsomeoftheoldpulpmagazines;theBug-eyedM
Westerntattooistsworkwithaspecialelectricalinstrument,somethinglikeadentist’sdrill.Itholdsanumberofveryfinen
科学就是探求真理。在探求真理的过程中,人们对客观规律的认识要经过艰苦曲折的过程。常常有这样的情形:由于研究的角度不同,掌握资料的差异,认识方法的不同,廉洁会出现“横看成岭侧成峰,远近高低各不同”的情况以至引起学术上的争论。因此,有作为的科学工作者都把反对的
WithTheAdventuresofTomSawyerpublished,MarkTwaingavealiteraryindependencetoTom’sbuddyHuckinaseparatenovelcal
A、FridayB、WednesdayC、ThursdayD、MondayC细节判断需要敏锐的捕捉,听新闻的一个技巧就是要对数字以及时间比较敏感,可适当做笔记。
Ofallthecomponentsofagoodnight’ssleep,dreamsseemtobeleastwithinourcontrol.Indreams,awindowopensintoaworl
敦煌坐落在甘肃省西北的沙漠走廊地带,其西靠近新疆,其东是祁连山脉。这座有两千年历史的古城,曾经是联结中国和中亚的丝绸之路上一个重要的商队驻足地。如今,其吸引来客的主要原因在于敦煌是世界上已知的佛教艺术的一个最珍贵的宝藏的所在地——莫高窟。据一幅唐石刻所载,
TheCalloftheWildisoneofthemasterpiecesof______.
Bynow,itshouldcomeasnosurprisewhenscientistsdiscoveryetanothercaseofexperiencechangingthebrain.Fromthesenso
随机试题
气动夹紧器是以________为传力介质,推动气缸活塞与连杆动作,实现对焊件的夹紧作用。
A.肺炎链球菌B.军团菌C.铜绿假单胞菌D.肺炎克雷伯杆菌(2010年第143题)对p内酰胺类抗生素耐药的病原中,主要机制为产生超广谱β内酰胺酶的是
青春期五排卵功血病因是
法的基本特征()。
关于防水混凝土施工技术的说法,正确的有()。
下列施工企业的资产中,属于存货的有()。
下列属于序时账的是()。
用0,1,2,…,9这10个数字组成一个四位数,一个三位数,一个两位数与一个一位数,每个数字只许用一次,使这四个数的和等于2007,则其中三位数的最小值为()。
跳马:体操:运动
某班级有学生60名,平均成绩为85分,按成绩将学生划分为优秀和非优秀,优秀学生的平均成绩为90分,非优秀学生的平均成绩为75分,则优秀学生的人数是______。
最新回复
(
0
)