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  3. Brothers and sisters fight, but when the bickering evolves into physical or emotional abuse, it’s bullying. Ordinary arguments o

Brothers and sisters fight, but when the bickering evolves into physical or emotional abuse, it’s bullying. Ordinary arguments o

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问题     Brothers and sisters fight, but when the bickering evolves into physical or emotional abuse, it’s bullying. Ordinary arguments over toys and who gets the front seat are one thing, but a recent study from researchers at the University of New Hampshire reports that aggression between siblings can escalate into bullying, and that young victims can be harmed in the same way as those who are threatened by peers on the playground.
    In fact, the study authors say, being bullied by a brother or sister was linked to worse mental-health outcomes for kids and adolescents, similar to those associated with being bullied by unrelated kids in the schoolyard.
    The new study, published in the journal Pediatrics, involved thousands of children and adolescents throughout the U.S. and found that those who were physically assaulted, had their toys stolen or broken or endured emotional abuse that made them feel frightened or unwanted by their sibling had higher levels of depression, anger and anxiety than those without these experiences.
    In order to study any differences between the effects of sibling bullying and those of being threatened by an unrelated bully, the researchers compared the effects of aggressive behaviors, such as physical violence, breaking or taking toys or belongings, and abuse, like name-calling or mocking, originating from siblings with those coming from children’s unrelated peers. They concluded that as far as mental-health effects are concerned, the relationship that the victims had with their bullies didn’t seem to matter. The findings showed that sibling bullying had the same association with increased anxiety, depression and trauma as peer aggression.
    That’s an eye-opening result since most parents—not to mention the public—have a higher tolerance for fighting and even threatening behavior among siblings than they do for other social relationships. Sibling fighting is often dismissed, seen as something that’s normal or harmless. Some parents even think it’s beneficial, as training for dealing with conflict and aggression in other relationships.
    But when does that normal quarreling evolve into something more? Parents may unknowingly play a role in escalating some sibling fighting into abuse, John V. Caffaro, a clinical psychologist and co-author of Sibling Abuse Trauma, told the New York Times. If parents allow children to continuously fight and confront each other in aggressive ways without intervening, or if they play favorites and label children as "the smart one" or the "the quiet one," that may lead to more unhealthy competitiveness between siblings that develops into abuse. Caffaro said that since violence between siblings is one of the most common types of familial violence, aggression with the intent to physical hurt or humiliate a brother or sister should be taken seriously, and quashed.
The new study published in Pediatrics shows that ________.
选项 A、thousands of children and adolescents in the US are bullied yearly
B、the outcome of being bullied by siblings is worse than that by peers
C、kids bullied by their siblings are more depressed than those who are not
D、being bullied by siblings is exactly the same as being bullied by others
答案C
解析 根据题干中的Pediatrics(《儿科》)这本杂志，可以迅速定位到第三段。该段指出，新研究发现，那些身体受攻击……的小孩，与那些没有这种遭遇的小孩相比，表现得更加沮丧、愤怒和焦虑。由此可以看出，受到欺凌的小孩比其他没有此类经历的人要更加抑郁，故选C项。原文说关于欺凌的研究涉及几千名美国小孩和青少年，这只是说“该研究的对象为几千名美国小孩和青少年”，并不表示他们都受到了欺凌，此外，yearly“每年”也没有原文根据，故排除A项。第四段第三句表明，就心理健康方面的影响而言，受欺凌者与欺凌者之间的关系似乎无关紧要，同胞欺凌和其他人欺凌都会加剧受欺凌者的焦虑、沮丧和创伤，故B项表述不准确。就心理健康方面的影响而言，受欺凌者与欺凌者之间的关系似乎无关紧要，但在其他方面是否无区别，原文并没有说明，D项中的exactly the same表述过于绝对。
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