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While U.S. companies are worrying about how to recruit talent from abroad in the face of increasingly rigorous immigration rules

admin2022-11-05  61
问题     While U.S. companies are worrying about how to recruit talent from abroad in the face of increasingly rigorous immigration rules, a different and far more significant challenge is quietly building. When young knowledge workers look for a job today, they seriously consider companies half a world away. Homegrown American talent is moving abroad, in what could become a huge shift in the world economic order.
    Early warning signs abound. Look at Singapore’s success in recruiting top U.S. academics to its universities and research centers: It lured the world’s leading seismologist (a geologist who studies earthquakes and the mechanical characteristics of the Earth) away from the California Institute of Technology and the number two scientist at the National Institutes of Health away from that organization. Silicon Valley expatriates have been moving to China in a small but steady stream. Farmers from the Midwest are using their high-tech methods to make a new start in Brazil, where real estate is cheap.
    The United States’ current economic woes are accelerating this trend. The trickle that has started at the top will become a flood as mid-career executives look for new opportunities abroad. Of course, even the best manager will struggle if he or she doesn’t speak the local language. But one can get by in India with English only, and Spanish is relatively easy to learn. Moreover, when the children of today’s expatriates enter the workforce, they’ll reap a huge advantage from knowing the second language—Chinese, Portuguese, Hindi—they learned to speak at home as youngsters. More and more parents are discovering that a multilingual education can help in guaranteeing lifelong employ ability for their offspring.
    Government policy will be crucial in determining how well U.S. companies respond to the increasing outflow of American talent. Lawmakers must not resort to knowledge protectionism—for instance, by requiring people who attend state-funded universities to spend a certain amount of their working life in the United States. Rather, they must ensure that America remains the most favorable place for high-tech enterprises and continues to attract foreign students to its universities and foreign workers to its companies.
    The U.S. monopoly on leading-edge opportunities is at an end. The world’s best and brightest no longer assume that their future lies exclusively in the United States, and America’s best are coming to agree: Their path to a dream career may well lead them overseas.
To deal with the outflow of American talent, the United States government should ________.
选项 A、tighten up its immigration rules
B、adopt knowledge protectionism
C、keep America an ideal place for high-tech companies
D、monopolize leading-edge opportunities
答案C
解析 根据题干中的the outflow of American talent可定位到第四段，该段正是在讨论解决人才外流问题的办法。第一句是中心句，明确提到了政府政策对于应对人才外流问题的关键性作用(crucial in determining)，第二句则用反例提出一个不良的做法，第三句提出真正的建议，即维持美国最有利于高科技企业发展的这一地位，并继续吸引外国学生及工人到美国来，C项所述与该句第一点对应，故为本题答案。A项“收紧移民法规”在第一段第一句有提到，但并非解决问题的方法。B项“采用知识保护主义”正是第四段第二句强调的不能采取的措施。D项利用最后一段第一句中的monopoly on leading-edge opportunities作干扰，该句是说美国不再垄断领先优势机遇的这一现实状况，并非建议政府去保持垄断地位。
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